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웨이트 트레이닝 남성 초보자와 중상급자의 Bench press와 Squat 인지강도와 실측강도의 차이 및 인지강도를 이용한 1-RM 추정

Difference between Cognition and Measured Intensity of Bench Press and Squat for Weight Training Beginner and Trained Group, and the Development of 1-RM Prediction Model Based on Cognition Intensity

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[서론] 본 연구의 목적은 웨이트 트레이닝 초보자와 중상급자의 벤치 프레스와 스쿼트의 60%, 75% 및 90% 인지강도와 실측강도 차이를 비교하고, 인지강도를 이용하여 1-RM 추정식을 개발하고 타당도를 검증하는 데 있다. [방법] 본 연구에서는 웨이트 트레이닝 초보자 16명과 중상급자 15명을 연구대상으로 선정하였다. 인지강도는 피검자가 수행하는 강도의 부하를 알지 못하도록 한 상태에서 자신의 1-RM의 60%, 75% 및 90%의 무게를 선택하도록 하였다. 실측강도는 1-RM을 직접 측정하고, 1-RM의 60%, 75% 및 90%에 해당하는 강도를 산출하였고, 측정은 무선으로 배당하였다. 인지강도와 실측강도 차이를 비교하기 위하여 t-test를 실시하였고, 인지강도를 이용하여 1-RM을 추정하기 위하여 회귀분석을 실시하였다. [결과] 초보자의 경우 벤치 프레스와 스쿼트의 60%, 75% 및 90% 모두 인지강도와 실측강도간에 유의한 차이가 나타났다(p<.01). 벤치 프레스의 인지강도가 실측강도보다 9.8~14.4% 낮았고, 스쿼트는 15.0~33.4% 낮게 나타났다. 중상급자의 경우 벤치 프레스 60%와 75%, 스쿼트의 3가지 강도 모두에서 인지강도와 실측강도간에 유의한 차이가 나타났다(p<.01). 벤치 프레스의 인지강도가 실측강도보다 8.3~38.6% 낮았고, 스쿼트는 7.08~32.4% 낮게 나타났다. 초보자와 중상급자의 인지강도 % 1-RM는 2동작 모두 3가지 강도 중에서 90%에서만 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 1-RM을 추정하기 위하여 회귀분석을 실시한 결과, 초보자 벤치 프레스 추정식의 r은 0.67~0.84(p<.01), SEE는 8.70~11.95kg, 중상급자 추정식의 r은 0.66~0.89(p<.01), SEE는 5.57~10.16kg로 나타났다. 초보자 스쿼트 추정식의 r은 0.71~0.76(p<.01), SEE는 18.39~19.80kg, 중상급자 추정식의 r은 0.34~0.89, SEE는 10.94~13.50kg로 나타났지만 90% 추정 모형만 유의하게 나타났다(p<.01). [결론] 초보자와 중상급자 모두 인지강도가 실측강도보다 7~38% 정도 다소 낮게 다소 낮게 나타났다. 초보자 인지강도의 경우 벤치 프레스는 9.8~14.4%, 스쿼트는 15.0~33.4% 낮게 나타났고, 중상급자의 경우 벤치 프레스는 8.3~38.6%, 스쿼트는 7.08~32.4% 낮게 나타났다. 초보자와 중상급자의 인지강도 % 1-RM는 60%에서는 46~52%, 75%에서는 58~64%로 유사하였으나, 90%에서는 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 초보자와 중상급자 모두 인지강도를 이용하여 양호한 1-RM을 추정하는 모형을 산출하였다. 향후에는 더 많은 동작을 대상으로 여성과 다양한 연령층에 적합한 추정모형을 산출할 필요가 있겠다.

Abstract

[INTRODUCTION] The purposes of this study were1) to compare the differences between the cognition and measured intensities in bench press and squat for weight training beginner and trained groups, to develop an estimated equation for 1-RM using the cognition intensity, and to verify the validity of the developed model. [METHODS] The subject groups were consisted of 16 beginners and 15 trained individuals. Each subject selected the cognition intensity of 60%, 75% and 90% of 1-RM without knowing the actual load that applied to the subject. The measured intensities were calculated 60%, 75% and 90% of 1-RM after 1-RM measurement. The t-test was run to analyze the significant differences between the cognition and measured intensities, and the regression analysis was applied to estimate 1-RM using the cognition intensities. [RESULTS] There was a significant difference between the cognition and the measured intensity of 60%, 75% and 90% 1-RM on both bench press and squat in the beginner group (p<.01). The cognition intensities of bench press and squat were 9.8~14.4% and 15.0~33.4%lower than the measured intensity, respectively. In case of trained group, there were also significant differences between the cognition and the measured intensity of 60% and 75% 1-RM on bench press, and those of 60%, 75% and 90% 1-RM on squat(p<.01). The cognition intensities of bench press and squat were 8.3~38.6% and 7.08~32.4% lower than the measured intensity respectively. The cognition intensities of 1-RM of beginner and trained groups showed significant differences only in the 90% intensity among 3 intensities (p<.01). Based on the regression analysis, the r of prediction for the beginner group on bench press was ranged from 0.67 to 0.84(p<.01) with the SEE of 8.70~11.95kg, and the r of prediction for the trained group was ranged from 0.66 to 0.89(p<.01) with the SEE of 5.57~10.16kg. The r of prediction for the beginner group on squat was ranged from 0.71 to 0.76(p<.01) with the SEE of 18.39~19.80kg, and the r of prediction for the trained group was ranged from 0.34 to 0.89 with the SEE of 10.94~13.50kg. Only 90% intensity exhibited significantly difference among the groups. [CONCLUSION] In the both beginner and trained groups, the cognition intensities were 7~38% lower than the measured intensities. In case of beginners, the cognition intensities of bench press and squat were 9.8~14.4% and 15.0~33.4%, respectively, lower than those of measured intensities. The cognition intensities of 1-RM of beginner and trained groups showed similar 46~52% on 60%, 58~64%on 75%, but significant differences only in the 90% intensity among 3 intensities. The significant estimation models for 1-RM were developed both for beginners and trained persons. This study also suggests that the estimation model for various age groups should be developed based on multiple motions for the future study.

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