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논문KCI 등재

수면과 자살

Sleep and Suicide

윤호경
대한수면의학회 (Korean Academy of Sleep Medicine)|2016.06|수면정신생리 (Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology)|제23권 제1호|pp. 5-9|DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.14401/KASMED.2016.23.1.5

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참고문헌

키워드

자살수면SuicideSleep전두엽Serotonin세로토닌Frontal lobe
주제분류정신과학

초록

현재까지 수면과 자살과 관련된 많은 연구들이 발표되고 있다. 불면증이 자살행동에 영향을 미친다는 결과들이 있었으며 불면보다는 악몽 증상과 관련성이 높다는 결과들도 있었다. 수면부족이나 악몽증상이 자살에 미치는 영향을 살펴보면 HPA 체계의 이상과 과각성으로 인한 결과라는 해석과 세로토닌 체계의 이상이 원인이라고 설명하는 경우가 있으며, 전두엽 기능 및 실행기능의 저하로 인하여 생기는 현상일 수도 있다. 수면의 문제가 우울증의 한 증상이기 때문에 그런 것인지 아니면 수면문제 그 자체로도 자살이라는 결과로 이어질 수 있는지 아직까지 단정할 수 없으나 여러 연구를 통해 봤을 때 수면의 문제가 큰 영향을 미치는 것은 틀림이 없다. 수면 문제는 자살의 다른 원인들에 비해 바꾸고 변화시킬 수 있는 영역이라고 할 수 있다. 즉 수면문제가 있는 사람들에게 관심을 가지고 치료할 수 있는 원인들을 찾아내 개선시킬 수 있다면 자살 위험성을 낮추는데 중요한 해법이 될 수 있을 것이다.

Abstract

Previous research has identified the biological, psychological, and social factors that confer an elevated risk for suicide. Evidence suggests that sleep disturbances are one of the risk factors that predict an increased risk for suicidal behaviors. Both sleep disorders and general sleep complaints are linked to higher levels of suicidal ideation and depression, as well as increased rates of suicide and suicide attempts. The causal mechanism of this association is not clear. For example, it is not known if insomnia is an independent phenomenon that if interrupted could prevent the emergence of a mental disorder, or if insomnia is a symptom of another developing illness. Hypofrontality, HPA dysfunction, and an impaired serotonergic system are potential mechanisms underlying the association of sleep disturbances and suicidal behavior. Future research is necessary to examine the specific mechanism of this association between sleep and suicide, which may lead to an effective intervention and diminished suicide risk.

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