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대학생과 부모의 창업관심이 창업의도에 미치는 영향

Influence of College Students’ and Parents’ Interest of Entrepreneurship on Intention

이승하|안혜진
한국벤처창업학회 (The Korean Society of Business Venturing)|2024.02|벤처창업연구 (Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship)|제19권 제1호|pp. 33-53|DOI 10.16972/apjbve.19.1.202402.33

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참고문헌

키워드

Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB)창업의도대학생 창업창업관심부모의 창업관심계획적 행동이론(TPB)Interest of EntrepreneurshipParents’ Interest of EntrepreneurshipStart-up intentionCollege student start-up

초록

본 연구는 창업관심과 창업의도의 영향관계를 파악하여 대학생이 창업을 결심하기까지의 전주기 과정을 이해하려는 목적을 지닌다. 즉 창업활동에서 비롯된 개인의 창업관심과 자녀의 창업에 대한 부모의 창업관심이 창업의도에 영향을 끼치는지를 탐색한 연구이다. 이를 위해 계획적 행동이론의 구성요소인 창업에 대한 태도, 주관적 규범, 지각된 행동통제를 매개변수로 설정하였으며, 창업자기효능감은 조절변수로 설정하여 요인 간 영향관계를 알아보고 각 요인이 미치는 중요도에 대해서도 고찰하였다. 또한 본조사에서 국내 대학생 300명을 대상으로 설문지를 회수하였으며 그중에서 불성실한 응답 18부를 제외하여 총 282부의 데이터를 추출하고 SPSS 26과 AMOS 26을 통해 분석하였다. 연구의 주요한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 본인의 창업관심은 창업에 대한 태도, 주관적 규범, 지각된 행동통제를 매개로 창업의도에 유의미한 영향을 끼친 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 향후 대학생 창업교육은 계획적 행동이론의 구성요소를 적용하여 교육의 효과성을 높일 수 있도록 해야 하며, 대학생이 창업관심을 가질 수 있도록 다양한 창업활동을 제공해야 할 것이다. 둘째, 부모의 창업관심은 주관적 규범, 지각된 행동통제에 유의미한 영향을 끼치는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 부모가 자녀의 창업활동에 관심이 있더라도 이러한 관심이 호의적 태도로 필연적으로 이어지는 것은 아님을 의미한다. 그러나 주관적 규범, 지각된 행동통제에는 유의미한 영향을 주는 것으로 확인된 만큼 이와 연계될 수 있는 학부모를 대상으로 한 창업교육이 이루어진다면 대학생들의 창업관심과 창업의도를 높일 수 있을 것이라 기대된다.

Abstract

By identifying the relationship between Interest of Entrepreneurship and intention, this study clarifies the entire lifecycle process leading up to a college student’s decision to start a business. We explore whether an individual’s Interest of Entrepreneurship stemming from start-up activities and the interest of parents toward their children’s start-up affect start-up intention. For this purpose, attitude toward start-up, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control, which are components of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), were set as parameters. Furthermore, start-up self-efficacy was established as a moderating variable to examine the relationships between factors and their importance. In addition, survey questionnaires were collected from 300 college students in Korea, and after excluding 18 insincere responses, a total of 282 were analyzed using SPSS 26 and AMOS 26. The main findings are as follows. First, an individual’s Interest of Entrepreneurship has a significant impact on start-up intention, mediated by attitude toward start-up, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control. Therefore, future college start-up education should apply the components of TPB to enhance its effectiveness, and various start-up activities should be provided to foster students’ interest. Secondly, parents’ interest in start-up has a significant impact on subjective norms and perceived behavioral control. Therefore, even if parents are interested in their children's start-up activities, such interest does not necessarily lead to favorable attitude. However, as it significantly impacts subjective norms and perceived behavioral control, start-up education targeting parents linked to these parameters could increase college students’ Interest of Entrepreneurship and intentions.

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