고령에서의 백내장 수술의 안정성
The Safeness of Cataract Surgery in Older Subjects
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목적: 연령별로 백내장 수술의 결과를 비교하여 고령에서의 백내장 수술의 안정성을 알아보고자 한다. 대상과 방법: 2014년 1월부터 2015년 5월까지 본원에 내원하여 백내장 진단을 받은 총 150명 환자의 150안을 대상으로 초음파유화술및 인공수정체 삽입술을 시행하였다. 40대부터 80대까지 연령별로 5군으로 분류하여 각 군당 30명 환자의 30안을 대상으로 총 150안의 수술 2개월 후의 교정시력, 각막내피밀도를 측정하였고 수술 중의 ultrasound time, cumulative dissipated energy (CDE), balanced salt solution (BSS) 사용량을 비교하였다. 결과: 수술 전 백내장 핵 경화도는 40대(2.85 ± 1.05), 50대(3.20 ± 0.81), 60대(3.39 ± 0.67)가 70대(4.23 ± 0.68)와 80대(4.47 ± 0.51)보다 유의하게 낮았다(p<0.05). 수술 중 초음파 총 에너지량(CDE)은 40대(10.10 ± 3.20)와 50대(11.20 ± 3.20) 및 60대(12.40 ± 3.50)가 70대(15.10 ± 3.80)와 80대(16.70 ± 3.90)보다 유의하게 낮았다(p<0.05). 수술 후 2개월째 교정시력(logMAR)은모든 연령에서 유의한 차이가 없었다(p>0.05). 2개월 후의 각막 내피세포밀도 감소(%)는 40대(17.94 ± 13.50)와 50대(17.46 ± 9.08) 및 60대(19.12 ± 16.01)가 70대(26.36 ± 10.82)와 80대(31.80 ± 16.86)보다 유의하게 낮았다(p<0.05). 결론: 백내장 수술 후 교정시력은 모든 나이에서 유의한 차이가 없었다. 수술 전 백내장의 경도가 유의하게 높았던 70대 이상에서60대 이하보다 수술 중 초음파의 에너지를 많이 썼으며, 수술 후 각막내피밀도 감소가 유의하게 높았다. 고령에서 초음차유화술을이용한 백내장 수술 시 백내장의 경도가 높아 초음파 에너지 사용이 증가하여 수술 후 각막내피손실도 많은 편이지만 비교적 안전하고 시력교정효과가 우수하여 권장하여 시행할 만하다.
Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the safeness of cataract surgery in older subjects by comparing the outcomes among different age groups. Methods: The present study included 150 patients (150 eyes) diagnosed with cataracts that visited the hospital from January 2014 to May 2015 and received phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation. The subjects were divided into 5 age groups (40-50, 50-60, 60-70, 70-80 and 80-90). Among the study subjects, 30 patients from each age group were measured for best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and endothelial cell density (ECD) 2 months after surgery. Intraoperative ultrasound time, cumulative dissipated energy (CDE) and volume of balanced salt solution were also compared among the subjects. Results: The nuclear sclerosis of cataracts before surgery was significantly lower in the 40-50 (2.85 ± 1.05), 50-60 (3.20 ± 0.81), and 60-70 age groups (3.39 ± 0.67) than the 70-80 (4.23 ± 0.68) and 80-90 age groups (4.47 ± 0.51). The CDE during surgery was significantly lower in the 40-50 (10.10 ± 3.20), 50-60 (11.20 ± 3.20) and 60-70 age groups (12.40 ± 3.50) than in the 70-80 (15.10 ± 3.80) and 80-90 age groups (16.70 ± 3.90; p < 0.05). BCVA was not significantly different among the age groups 2 months after surgery (p > 0.05). The reduction (%) of ECD 2 months after surgery was significantly lower in the 40-50 (17.94 ± 13.50), 50-60 (17.46 ± 9.08) and 60-70 age groups (19.12 ± 16.01) than in the 70-80 (26.36 ± 10.82) and 80-90 age groups (31.80 ± 16.86; p < 0.05). Conclusions: After cataract surgery, BCVA was not significantly different among the age groups. These findings indicate that cataract surgery using phacoemulsification in older patients is recommended and a viable option since it is relatively safe and provides excellent BCVA effects.
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