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복합외상 성폭력 여성 피해자의 상담을 통한 자기 재구성과정: 근거이론 적용

A process of the self reconstruction by counseling for the Complex PTSD female victims of sexual violence: A grounded theory approach

반신환|전명주
한국상담학회 (Korean Counseling Association (KCA))|2021.12|상담학연구 (Korea Journal of Counseling)|제22권 제6호|pp. 241-270|DOI 10.15703/kjc.22.6.202112.241

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키워드

성폭력근거이론Grounded TheorySexual Violence상담Counseling복합외상Complex PTSD자기재구성Self-Reconstruction
주제분류교육학

초록

최근 연구에서 복합외상의 특징적 증상은 자기조절의 취약성에 방점을 두고 있으며 이에 따라 치료적 접근도 트라우마 증상에 초점을 두기보다는 자기 손상으로 인한 자기구조의 불안정이라는 더 넓은 범주에 맥을 맞추도록 제안되고 있다. 본 연구는 지속적이고 반복적인 대인간 외상인 복합외상의 특성을 수반한 성인 여성 성폭력 피해자들이 상담을 통해서 자기구조의 안정화를 구축하는 자기 재구성과정에 대해 탐색하고자 하였다. 총 9명의 연구 참여자를 대상으로 한 면담내용을 근거이론 방법으로 분석한 결과 88개의 개념, 36개의 하위범주, 16개의 범주가 도출되었다. 참여자들의 자기 재구성과정 핵심 범주는 ‘변화의 수용을 통해 자기손상감에서 벗어나 자기통합으로 나아감’으로 나타났다. 복합외상 성폭력 피해자들의 자기 재구성과정은 ‘자기의 부조화 단계’, ‘습관적 대처 단계’, ‘교정적 경험 단계’, ‘합리적 사고 고양 단계’, ‘자기의 재구성 단계’의 5단계로 파악되었다. 복합외상 성폭력 피해자의 자기 재구성과정은 치료적 접근을 위한 유용한 정보를 제공하고 있다. 마지막으로 연구 결과에 대한 논의와 후속 연구를 위한 제언을 제시하였다.

Abstract

In recent studies, characteristic symptoms of complex PTSD focus on vulnerability of self-regulation, and thus therapeutic approaches have been proposed to focus on the broader category of instability to self-structure by self-injury rather than just trauma symptoms. The purpose of this dissertation was to explore the process of establishing stabilization of self-structure through counseling by Complex PTSD female victims of sexual violence. Analysis of interviews with a total of nine participants by grounded theory resulted in 88 concepts, 36 subcategories, and 16 categories. The core category of the self-reconstruction process of the participants was “getting away from self-damage through acceptance of change and moving toward self-integration” The five steps in the self-reconstruction process through counseling of victims of Complex PTSD sexual violence were identified as the following: “self-incongruity phase”, “habitual coping phase”, “corrective experience phase”, “reasonable thinking enhancement phase”, and “self-reconstruction phase”. The process of self-reconstruction of Complex PTSD female victims of sexual violence provides useful implications for a therapeutic approach. Finally, the findings of this study and suggestions for subsequent research were discussed.

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