IBCT에 기반한 커플관계 다름 수용 척도 개발 및 타당화
Development and Validation of the Acceptance for Differences in Couple Relationships Scale based on IBCT
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초록
본 연구에서는 커플관계에서 서로의 다름을 수용하는 태도를 측정할 수 있는 자기보고식 척도를 개발하고 타당화하였다. 커플치료에서 수용의 중요성을 강조한 Jacobson과 Christensen(1996)의 통합적 행동 커플치료(Integrative Behavioral Couple Therapy: IBCT)를 이론적 틀로 삼고, 커플관계에서의 다름 수용을 ‘서로의 다름을 인정하고, 상대방을 변화시키려 하기보다 있는 그대로 받아들이며, 다름을 통해 친밀하고 발전된 관계로 나아가고자 노력하는 태도’로 정의하였다. 또한 IBCT의 주요 개념을 바탕으로 커플관계 다름 수용 태도 척도의 구성요소를 도출하였으며, 기존의 커플 대상 척도들과 수용 관련 척도들을 참고하여 75개의 예비문항을 마련하였다. 연구 1에서 대학생 327명과 온라인으로 모집한 성인 66명을 대상으로 문항을 실시하였다. 그 결과 다름에 대한 인내, 다름에 대한 역지사지, 다름에 대한 존중, 다름을 통한 성장, 다름에 대한 거리두기의 5요인, 22문항으로 이루어진 커플관계 다름 수용 척도를 개발하였다. 연구 2에서는 일반인 305명과 대학생 136명을 대상으로 커플관계 다름 수용 척도와 관련 변인들을 측정하였고, 이 중 45명으로부터 검사-재검사 신뢰도를 확인하였다. 확인적 요인분석을 통해 본 척도가 5요인으로 이루어졌음을 재검증하였고, 수렴 및 변별타당도, 준거타당도, 검사-재검사 신뢰도가 양호한 수준임을 밝혔다. 또한 다섯 개의 집단요인과 다름에 대한 수용이라는 일반요인을 가정한 쌍요인(Bifactor) 모형의 적합도도 양호하여, 단일차원으로서 총점을 사용하는 것도 타당하다는 결론을 제시하였다. 커플관계 수용 태도는 커플관계 만족도에 유의한 정적 영향을 미쳤고, 특히 기혼자의 관계 만족도에 더 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 추후 연구를 위한 논의와 시사점을 제시하였다.
Abstract
The present study aimed to develop and validate a self-report scale to measure attitudes toward accepting differences in couple relationships. The Integrative Behavioral Couple Therapy (IBCT; Jacobson & Christensen, 1996) was used as a theoretical model in the study. ‘Acceptance for differences’ was defined as an attitude acknowledging inter-partner differences and trying to develop intimacy through those differences without expecting one’s partner to change. Based on primary concepts of IBCT, five factors were constructed for the Acceptance for Differences in Couple Relationships Scale (ADCRS), and 75 preliminary items were developed based on existing measures of acceptance and couple relationships. In Study 1, three hundred and twenty-seven college students and 68 adults completed the 75-item ADCRS. Results showed the ADCRS consists of 22-items and five factors, as follows: (i) Tolerance for Difference (TD), (ii) Perspective taking for Difference (PD), (iii) Respect for Difference (RD), (iv) Growth through Difference (GD), and (v) Distancing for Difference (DD). In Study 2, three hundred and five adults and 136 college students participated to investigate the instrument’s reliability and validity, and relationships between the ADCRS and related scales. Confirmatory factor analysis results showed the five-factor model as the best model fit, and the hierarchical model as reasonable. The ADCRS showed good internal consistency, 2-week test-retest reliability, and convergent and discriminant validity. In addition, the fit of the Bifactor model assuming the general factor and five group factors was good, and it was concluded that it is reasonable to use the total score as a single dimension. The ADCRS showed a significant positive effect on satisfaction in couple relationships, especially for married couples. The limitations and implications of this study, and suggestions for future research are discussed.
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