고대 이집트 문명과 그리스 문명

Abstract

Alexander conquered Egypt in 332 BC, but there had been a cultural exchanges between two countries before then. Ionians and Carians are known to have served as mercenaries in the Egyptian Army especially in the armies of Psammetichus Ⅰ in the 7the century BC, and Naucratis was declared a Greek free-trade zone by the pharaoh Amasis in 560 BC. Naucratis was a Milesian Greek settlement in the Canopic branch of the Nile in the Western Delta. Some scholars believe that Corinthians may had early inhabited the city with the Milesian Greeks arriving later. The Greeks assumed that the Egyptian god were the same as their own gods, but in different form. Zeus was identified as Egyptian Amun, the chief deity in the ancient Egyptian period and Apollo with the Egyptian sky and sun god, Horus. Despite some differences, the early Greeks accepted that the were their gods. In fact, the Egyptian gods were not unknown on the Greek mainlands. An inscription found in the port of Athens, Piraeus, records the presence there of a temple to Isis/Osiris in 333 BC, before Alexander's conquest of Egypt. Egyptian Civilization influenced in many aspects on the Greek Civilization, especially in the Greek philosophy and Religion. Despite the differences between the two societies, there are many similarities showing the influences of Egypt on the Archaic Greek sciences.