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대법원 알코올 블랙아웃 판결의 시사점과 블랙아웃 판단시 고려해야 할 정보들에 대한 연구 -대법원2018도9781 준강제추행 판결을 중심으로-

A Study on the Understanding and Interpretation of Alcohol Blackout Phenomenon as Legal Evidence -Supreme Court Decision 2018Do9781 Decided February 4, 2021 (Quasi-Indecent Act by Compulsion)-

최이문|안재경|지민혁
범죄수사연구원 (Criminal Investigation Institute at Korean National Police University)|2022.06|범죄수사학연구|제8권 제1호|pp. 5-30|DOI https://doi.org/10.46225/CIS.2022.6.8.1.5

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참고문헌

키워드

memory loss심신상실항거불능기억상실알코올 블랙아웃alcohol blackout패싱아웃passing outmental lossinability to protest

초록

음주 후 발생하는 성범죄의 경우 객관적이며 구체적인 물적 증거가 부족한 경우가 많아 사건의 실체적 진실을 찾기 위해서 피해자 혹은 피고인의 진술에 의존하는 경우가 많다. 알코올 블랙아웃 주장의 경우 행동은 하되 기억은 손상받았다는 측면에서 직관에 반하기 때문에, 과학적, 정신의학적, 심리학적 근거를 기반으로 해야 한다. 그럼에도 불구하고, 법원은 블랙아웃 판단의 근거를 명시하지 않거나 다소 무관해 보이는 근거를 들고 있어, 판단의 타당성 여부를 판단하기 어렵다. 알코올이 기억, 행동에 미치는 영향은 그 원인과 유형이 다양하므로, 이에 대한 판단은 명확한 개념과 의사형성능력 및 인지기능 등에 미치는 영향을 고려해야 할 것이다. 본 연구는 준강제추행사건에서 블랙아웃 현상에 대해 판단한 최근 대법원 판례를 살펴보고 해당 판결에서 가지고 있는 논증의 문제점과 그 한계를 검토하였다. 이후 알코올 블랙아웃의 개념과 유형을 개관하고, 블랙아웃 현상을 올바르게 해석하는 방안, 나아가 과학적 증거로서 인정받기 위한 연구와 실무적인 작업들을 살펴보고자 한다.

Abstract

Judgment of alcohol blackout claims must be based on scientific, psychiatric, and psychological grounds, as because it is counterintuitive in that the action is performed but the memory is damaged. Nevertheless, the court does not specify the basis for the blackout judgment or gives reasons that seem somewhat unrelated, making it difficult to judge the validity of the judgment. Since the effects of alcohol on memory and behavior vary in cause and type, judgments on this should take into account clear concepts and the effects on decision-making ability and cognitive function. In this study, the author examined the Supreme Court's case that judged the blackout phenomenon in the Quasi-Indecent Act by Compulsion, and examined the problems and limitations of the debate in the case. Futhermor, the author overviewed the concept and types of alcohol blackout, the method of correctly interpreting the blackout phenomenon, and further research and practical work to be recognized as scientific evidence. The legal and theoretical implications for the justice system are discussed.

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