고구려 벽화고분의 현황과 被葬者에 대한 재검토

Abstract

Until now the remaining number of Koguryo mural painting tombs was believed to be one hundred and seven. However according to research results, the total remaining number of mural painting tombs in China is thirty-eight : thirty-six in Jian area, one in Huanren area and anotherr one in Pusoon area. The number of mural painting tombs remaining in North Korea was believed to be seventy-six. And four more can be added to this number: kumsandong tomb in Sunchon area, double room tomb of jinpari old mound in Pyongyang, jinpari tomb number 7 and dankun royal tomb. Accordingly currently confirmable Koguryo mural painting tombs amount to one hundred and eighteen including thirty eight remaining in China and eighty found in North Korea. Especially mural painting tombs with external formation as a stone-filed tomb and internal construction as a stone chamber are being found : under mountain castle julchun tomb, underwoo- moutain number 1041 tomb, under woo-moutain number 3319 tomb, under mountain castle number 1405 tomb, under mountain castle number 1408 tomb, under mountain castle number 725 tomb. The fact that wall paintings are discovered in stone-filed tombs gives important suggestion related to the origin of mural painting tombs. Approaching the burier of mural painting tomb is a difficult problem. This paper has tried to verify the burier of Koguryo mural painting tombs by looking through the records of ‘samguksagi’, ‘samgukyusa’ and historical records from Japan. Since the names of burial ground of Koguryo king s are recorded in samguksagi, not able differences can be ascribed to maladministration of the royal tomb. Anak number 3 tomb had a lot of controversies regarding the problem of the burier of the tomb. In the perspective of dongsu’s tomb, it tried to illustrate the historical estrangement between ink-written writings of the burial ground and ‘聖上幡’. Accordingly with the belief that government official position found in ink-written writings of anak number 3 tomb is false, painting of parade and 聖上幡’s ink writings can also be considered a falsehood. painting of parade and 聖上幡’s ink writings are not drawn to show current livings to be extended again in future life but to show after death would be better than the present. Besides mural painting tombs which express the gaesae idea (A thought of desiring wealth and prosperity of a lifetime may prolong after death) there are also other mural painting tombs which show hope for better life after-death. Those wishing for better life after-death can be found in ‘王’ character designed mural painting tombs and yellow dragon drawn mural painting tombs. After transfer of the capital to Pyeongyang, there is a high probability that the names of Koguryo kings followed the names of the burial site starting from the Jangsu King. This paper has looked through historical records with a perspective that big-sized Koguryo mural painting tombs in Pyeongyang area are mostly royal tombs according to the hierarchical order. Jangsu royal tomb has a high possibility of existing in Pyeongyang area. And to be more specific, it may be dongmyung royal tomb. Jinpari old mound in the area of dongmyung royal tomb has a high possibility of being in the construction area of koguryo royal tomb. Therefore jinpari number 1, 4 and 7 can be understood as the possession of Anjang king, Munjamyung king and Joda. Samguksagi confirms that several names of the kings originated from their burial site names starting from Anwon king. From Anwon king, royal tomb construction areas were divided to different individual areas. Therefore big-sized seoksil bongtoe-bun(A kind of a tomb that is portioned with stone and the rest part is piled-up by soil.) found in Pyeongyang area has high possibility of being a mural painting royal tomb which was built after sixth century. Currently confirmed mural painting tombs built after sixth century are gaema tomb, naeri number 1, jinpari number 1, jinpari number 4, jinpari number 7, honamri sasin tomb, gangseo big tomb, gangseo middle tomb and so forth. Among these some may be built into royal tomb. This paper has assumed honamri sasin tomb as the Anwon king. Moreover it is hard to discuss both gangseo big tomb and gangseo middle tomb as a royal tomb. Only gangseo big tomb can be said as a king pyongwon's tomb. Hereafter, koguryo royal tomb location problem should be conducted with a more diversified examination.