고려시대 양반전의 구성과 경작인

Abstract

Yangbanjon(兩班田) in the Koryo Dynasty was the land which was given to Yangban who obtained a official post like munban(文班, civil officer order) and muban(武班, military officer order). The distribution of Yangbanjon clearly informed the relationship of the state and Yangban. The state used the distribution system of the land for converting the private land into the official land. On the other side, hojok(豪族) were trying to obtain a official post, because they wanted that their private land was recognized by official approval. The Koryo government established other people's land or a official's own self land as Yangbanjon. According to the character of the distributing land, a farmer of Yangbanjon appeared to different. Firstly, in case of establishing other people's land as Yangbanjon, this land was cultivated by kongmin(公民) like Jeonho(佃戶), Yangho(養戶), Jokryu(族類) and Inbo(隣保). Secondly, when Yangban's land was established as Yangbanjon, this land was cultivated by a subordinate people or a temporary employee. In case of Yangban own self land, Yangban was discharged from cho(租, a tax of land). And in case of the other land, Yangban received cho from kongmin. In these two forms, Yangban dominated the land. Therefore the problem of the right of Yangban for the land being given is not only whether is the right of receiving cho(收租權) or the right of discharging cho(免租權) but the mutual complemental method for distribution.