라이프스타일 운동과 사회운동의 접점 및 한계:부산 비건 매핑운동 사례
Crossing Points and Limitations of Lifestyle Movement and Social Movement:The Case of the Busan Vegan Mapping Movement
0
조회
0
다운로드
3
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
사회운동론의 전통은 사회운동을 국가나 구조를 대상으로 한 공적이고 정치적인 조직화한 상호작용으로 정의해왔다. 그러나 최근까지 많은 학자는 공적인 정치 영역의 외부인 개인들의 '일상' 속 분산된 문화적 실천을 새로운 형태의 운동으로 주목해왔다. 이러한 새로운 양상의 운동은 개인들의 '삶을 선택하는 방식'과 '소비'를 중심으로 이루어지는 라이프스타일 운동을 의미한다. 오늘날 개인 행위자들이 중심인 비건주의 실천은 이러한 라이프스타일 운동의 주요 사례이다. 본 연구는 운동조직에 속하지 않은 부산의 비건 시민들이 비건 라이프스타일 운동의 과정에서 자발적으로 형성한 집합행동인 비건 매핑운동의 사례를 연구했다. 이를 통해, 본 연구는 부산 시민들의 비건주의 실천이 현대 사회운동론에서 주목하는 다양한 사회운동의 성격들을 내포하고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한, 부산 비건들이 라이프스타일 운동 과정에서 집합적으로 형성한 비건 매핑운동 내부의 가능성과 한계를 동시에 확인할 수 있었다. 먼저, 부산 비건들의 라이프스타일 운동을 기반으로 한 집합적인 비건 매핑운동은 개인들의 라이프스타일 운동에서 '비건 인프라 부족'이라는 문제의 해결과 동시에 비건 라이프스타일 및 문화의 확산이라는 이중의 목적으로 시작되었다. 비건주의 내부와 외부 모두를 지향하는 이러한 운동은 대안적인 비건 인프라를 구축함으로써 부산 비건들의 집합적 정체성 및 연대의 네트워크를 형성했지만, 외부를 향한 대안적인 비건 라이프스타일 및 문화의 확산에는 상대적으로 미흡했던 것으로 판단된다. 이러한 사실은 사회운동론에서 학술적인 연구들이 활발히 진행되는 동시에 현대 사회에서 점차 실천적으로 주류화되는 과정에 있는 라이프스타일 운동의 가능성과 한계에 대한 문제의식을 시사한다.
Abstract
The tradition of social movement theory has defined a social movement as an organized public and political interaction with a state or structure. However, until recently, many scholars have paid attention to the dispersed cultural practice in the daily life of individuals outside the realm of public politics as a new type of movement. This new aspect of movement means a lifestyle movement centered on individuals ‘choice of lifestyle’ and ‘consumption.’ Veganism as a social movement today is one of these lifestyle movements. This study empirically studied the case of the ‘vegan mapping movement,’ a collective action formed voluntarily by vegan citizens in the Busan area. Through this study, it was possible to confirm veganism as a cultural movement and the internal tension of vegan movements. First, the collective action of Busan vegans, centered on vegan mapping and guidance, started with the dual purpose of solving the problem of ‘lack of vegan infrastructure’ in the individual lifestyle movement and, at the same time spreading the vegan culture. This movement, which aims for both inside and outside of veganism, formed an alternative vegan infrastructure to form networks of collective identity and solidarity for vegans in Busan. However, this social movement network is insufficient in spreading the vegan lifestyle and culture outside the vegan network in Busan. This findings suggest a critical awareness of the possibilities and limitations of the lifestyle movement, which is in the process of being actively mainstreamed in practice in modern society.
참고문헌 (62)
- 김소연, "한국 먹거리정의 운동의 형성과 전개 : (사)환경정의 사례를 중심으로", ECO, 25(1), pp.37~79 (2021), 한국환경사회학회[DOI]
- 김수아, "연결행동(Connective Action)? 아이돌 팬덤의 트위터 해시태그 운동의 명암", 문화와 사회, 25, pp.297~336 (2017), 한국문화사회학회[DOI]
- 김왕배, "언어, 감정, 집합행동: 탄핵반대 ‘태극기’ 집회의 사례를 중심으로", 문화와 사회, 25, pp.7~59 (2017), 한국문화사회학회[DOI]
- 박형신, "먹거리 불안ㆍ파동의 발생 메커니즘과 감정동학", 한국학, 33(2), pp.161~193 (2010), 한국학중앙연구원[DOI]
- 엄묘섭, "감정의 시대 : 문화와 집합행동", 문화와 사회, 6(1), pp.7~51 (2009), 한국문화사회학회[DOI]
- 유기웅, "질적 연구방법의 이해" (2018), 박영사
- 이해진, "소비자에서 먹거리 시민으로", 경제와 사회, (96), pp.43~76 (2012), 비판사회학회
- 최재훈, "온라인을 매개로 한 사회운동의 가능성과 한계: 촛불집회의 사회운동론적 의의에 대한 재고찰", 사회연구, 16(2), pp.69~114 (2015), 한국사회조사연구소
- 최재훈, "집합행동의 개인화와 사회운동 레퍼토리의 변화", 경제와 사회, (113), pp.66~99 (2017), 비판사회학회[DOI]
- "부산 비건 지도" (2021)[URL]
- Balsiger, Philip, "Between Shaming Corporations and Promoting Alternatives : The Politics of an"Ethical Shopping Map"", Journal of Consumer Culture, 14(2), pp.218~235 (2014)
- Brady, Jennifer, "“Officially a Vegan Now”:On Meat and Renaissance Masculinity in Pro Football", Food and Foodways, 22(4), pp.300~321 (2014)
- Cherry, Elizabeth, "Veganism as a Cultural Movement : A Relational Approach", Social Movement Studies, 5(2), pp.155~170 (2006)
- Cherry, Elizabeth, "I was a Teenage Vegan : Motivation and Maintenance of Lifestyle Movements", Sociological Inquiry, 85(1), pp.55~74 (2015)
- Cherry, Elizabeth, "The Routledge Handbook of Vegan Studies", pp.150~160 (2021), Routledge
- Deflorian, Michael, "Refigurative Politics : Understanding the Volatile Participation of Critical Creatives in Community Gardens, Repair Cafés and Clothing Swaps", Social Movement Studies, 20(3), pp.346~363 (2021)
- Featherstone, Mike, "Lifestyle and Consumer Culture", Theory, Culture & Society, 4(1), pp.55~70 (1987)
- Flick, Uwe, "An Introduction to Qualitative Research" (2018), SAGE
- Franks, Benjamin, "The Direct Action Ethic", Anarchist Studies, 1, pp.13~41 (2003)
- Fuist, Todd Nicholas, "Lifestyle Movements as Social Networks : The Connections between Everyday Politics and Larger Collective Action in an Indian Feminist Movement", Sociological Perspectives, 61(6), pp.894~910 (2018)
- Gheihman, Nina, "Veganism as a Lifestyle Movement", Sociology Compass, 15(5), pp.e12877~ (2021)
- Gotlieb, Melissa R., "From Consumer to Producer : Motivations, Internet Use, and Political Consumerism", Information, Communication & Society, 20(4), pp.570~586 (2017)
- Greenebaum, Jessica B, "Managing Impressions : "Face-Saving"Strategies of Vegetarians and Vegans", Humanity & Society, 36(4), pp.309~325 (2012)
- Haenfler, Ross, "Changing the World One Virgin at a Time : Abstinence Pledgers, Lifestyle Movements, and Social Change", Social Movement Studies, 18(4), pp.425~443 (2019)
- Haenfler, Ross, "Lifestyle Movements : Exploring the Intersection of Lifestyle and Social Movements", Social Movement Studies, 11(1), pp.1~20 (2012)
- Harley, John Brian, "History of Cartography, Vol. 1" (1992), University of Chicago Press
- Hirth, Steffen, "Food that Matters : Boundary Work and the Case for Vegan Food Practices", Sociologia Ruralis, 61(1), pp.234~254 (2021)
- Holloway, John, "Crack Capitalism" (2010), Pluto Press
- Hooley, Tristram, "What is Online Research?: Using the Internet for Social Science Research" (2012), Bloomsbury Academic
- Jabs, Jennifer, "Maintaining Vegetarian Diets Personal Factors, Social Networks and Environmental Resources", Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research, 59, pp.183~189 (1998)
- Jallinoja, Piia, "Oxford Handbook of Political Consumerism", pp.157~179 (2020), Oxford University Press
- Jasper, James. M., "The Animal Rights Crusade:The Growth of a Moral Protest" (1992), The Free Press
- Joy, Melanie, "Why We Love Dogs, Eat Pigs, and Wear Cows: An Introduction to Carnism" (2020), Red Wheel
- Kalte, Deborah, "Political Veganism : An Empirical Analysis of Vegans’ Motives, Aims, and Political Engagement", Political Studies, 69(4), pp.814~833 (2021)
- Krinsky, John, "Social Movements and Social Networks : Introduction", Social Movement Studies, 13(1), pp.1~21 (2014)
- Maeckelbergh, Marianne, "Doing is Believing : Prefiguration as Strategic Practice in the Alterglobalization Movement", Social Movement Studies, 10(1), pp.1~20 (2011)
- Markowski, Kelly L., "“If I became a Vegan, My Family and Friends would Hate Me”: Anticipating Vegan Stigma as a Barrier to Plant-based Diets", Appetite, 135, pp.1~9 (2019)
- Maurer, Donna, "Vegetarianism: Movement or Moment" (2002), Temple University Press
- Mayring, Philipp, "Qualitative Content Analysis", A Companion to Qualitative Research, 1(2), pp.159~176 (2004)
- McAdam, Doug, "Political Process and the Development of the Black Insurgency" (1982), University of Chicago Press
- McAdam, Doug, "Dynamics of Contention" (2001), Cambridge University Press
- McCarthy, John D., "Resource Mobilization and Social Movements : A Partial Theory", American Journal of Sociology, 82(6), pp.1212~1241 (1977)
- Melucci, Alberto, "The New Social Movements : A Theoretical Approach", Social Science Information, 19(2), pp.199~226 (1980)
- Micheletti, Michele, "Political Virtue and Shopping: Individuals, Consumerism, and Collective Action", pp.1~36 (2003), Palgrave Macmillan
- Oberschall, Anthony, "Social Conflicts and Social Movements" (1973), Prentice Hall
- Oliver, Catherine., "Vegan World-making in Meat-centric Society:The Embodied Geographies of Veganism", Social & Cultural Geography, pp.1~20 (2021)
- Peluso, Nancy Lee, "Whose Woods are These? : Counter-mapping Forest Territories in Kalimantan, Indonesia", Antipode, 27(4), pp.383~406 (1995)
- Potts, Annie, "Vegan Sexuality : Challenging Heteronormative Masculinity through Meat-free Sex", Feminism &Psychology, 20(1), pp.53~72 (2010)
- Snow, David. A, "Research in Social Movements, Conflict, and Change: Authority in Contention, Vol. 25", pp.3~25 (2004), Emerald Publishing Limited
- Steinfeld, Henning, "Livestock’s Long Shadow: Environmental Issues and Options" (2006), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
- Stewart, Kate, "Researching Online Populations : The Use of Online Focus Groups for Social Research", Qualitative Research, 5(4), pp.395~416 (2005)
- Stolle, Dietlind, "Politics in the Supermarket : Political Consumerism as a Form of Political Participation", International Political Science Review, 26(3), pp.245~269 (2005)
- Twine, Richard, "Vegan Killjoys at the Table : Contesting Happiness and Negotiating Relationships with Food Practices", Societies, 4(4), pp.623~639 (2014)
- "Go Vegan: Definition of Veganism" (2022)[URL]
- Wahlen, Stefan, "Consumption, Lifestyle and Social Movements", International Journal of Consumer Studies, 39(5), pp.397~403 (2015)
- White, Richard, "Looking Backward", Moving Forward. Articulating a “Yes, BUT…!” Response to Lifestyle Veganism, and Outlining Post-capitalist Futures in Critical Veganic Agriculture, 2018, pp.20, 1~13
- Willer, Robb, "Structure, Identity, and Solidarity : A Comparative Field Study of Generalized and Direct Exchange", Administrative Science Quarterly, 57(1), pp.119~155 (2012)
- Wood, Denis, "The Power of Maps" (1992), Guilford Press
- "Reducing Shorter-lived Climate Forcers through Dietary Change" (2010)[URL]
- Yates, Luke, "Rethinking Prefiguration: Alternatives, Micropolitics and Goals in Social Movements", Social Movement Studies, 14(1), pp.1~21 (2015)
- 유태범, "Becoming a Vegetarian in Korea: The Sociocultural Implications of Vegetarian Diets in Korean Society", Korea Journal, 55(4), pp.111~135 (2015), 한국학중앙연구원[DOI]
- Young, Kevin, "Can Prefigurative Politics Prevail? : The Implications for Movement Strategy in John Holloway’s Crack Capitalism", Journal of Classical Sociology, 12(2), pp.220~239 (2012)