Uneven pool spread of vaporizing cryogenic liquids
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The study of spread of cryogenic liquids is an essential procedure for assessing the risk of using cryogenic liquids. There are various numerical models for describing the spread of a liquid pool formed by leakage of a cryogenic liquid. Some models, such as the constant Froude number model and the shallow layer model, require the vaporization velocity as the input variable. The vaporization velocity should be determined experimentally because the heat transfer mechanism between the liquid pool and the surrounding is very complicated and difficult to model. In this study, liquid nitrogen and liquid oxygen were continuously discharged onto a 3 m diameter unbounded concrete plate to measure the vaporization velocity when the liquid pool was spreading. Since the concrete plate is heavy, it is impossible to simultaneously measure the radius of the pool using the thermocouple and the mass of the pool using the electronic scale. So only the spread radius of the pool was measured. Therefore, the vaporization velocity was evaluated based on the semi-analytical model using pool spread data. Various release rates were obtained using several nozzles, and the effect of the rates on the vaporization velocity was investigated.
Abstract
The study of spread of cryogenic liquids is an essential procedure for assessing the risk of using cryogenic liquids. There are various numerical models for describing the spread of a liquid pool formed by leakage of a cryogenic liquid. Some models, such as the constant Froude number model and the shallow layer model, require the vaporization velocity as the input variable. The vaporization velocity should be determined experimentally because the heat transfer mechanism between the liquid pool and the surrounding is very complicated and difficult to model. In this study, liquid nitrogen and liquid oxygen were continuously discharged onto a 3 m diameter unbounded concrete plate to measure the vaporization velocity when the liquid pool was spreading. Since the concrete plate is heavy, it is impossible to simultaneously measure the radius of the pool using the thermocouple and the mass of the pool using the electronic scale. So only the spread radius of the pool was measured. Therefore, the vaporization velocity was evaluated based on the semi-analytical model using pool spread data. Various release rates were obtained using several nozzles, and the effect of the rates on the vaporization velocity was investigated.
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