A Systematic Literature Review on Business Applications of Quantum Computing and Corporate Response Strategies
A Systematic Literature Review on Business Applications of Quantum Computing and Corporate Response Strategies
차성수, 김대종
초록
Purpose: This systematic literature review examines business applications of quantum computing and corporate responsestrategies through analysis of peer-reviewed articles. Quantum computing leverages quantum mechanics principles to solvecomplex problems exponentially faster than classical computers. Research design, data and methodology: The study employedsystematic literature review methodology analyzing 10 peer-reviewed articles published between 2001-2024, following PRISMAguidelines. Research examined quantum computing's current NISQ (Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum) era, characterized byprocessors containing up to 1,000 qubits facing quantum coherence and error correction challenges, with major 2024breakthroughs including significant advances in fault-tolerant systems. Results: Findings reveal early fault-tolerant quantumcomputers expected in the second half of this decade, achieving advanced capabilities with hundreds of logical qubits. Threestrategic approaches emerged: wait-and-see (majority), selective investment (finance, IT, pharmaceuticals), and proactiveleadership (technology leaders). Industry applications include finance (portfolio optimization, risk modeling), logistics (networkoptimization, inventory management), energy (grid management, simulation), telecommunications (security enhancement), andpharmaceuticals (molecular simulation, drug discovery). Conclusions: Effective implementation requires phased approachesincluding short-term quantum-inspired algorithms, medium-term hybrid solutions, and long-term complete quantum systems,alongside specialized human resources, ecosystem collaboration, and cybersecurity preparedness. Ethical considerations includeencryption vulnerabilities in RSA and ECC systems, access inequality between countries and companies, and labor marketdisruption.