한국인 학습자의 영어 작문에 나타난 통사적 다양성: 동사-논항구조의 분포를 중심으로
Syntactic Diversity of English Writing by Korean EFL Learners: Focusing on the Distribution of Verb-argument Structures
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초록
제2언어 쓰기 연구에서 학습자 작문의 통사 발달 양상은 주로 통사구조의 복잡함의 정도를 나타내는 양적 척도를 사용하여 측정되어 왔다. 그러나 이러한 양적 척도들은 학습자 언어에 나타난 통사구조의 다양성 및 제2언어 발달 과정에서 통사구조 사용 양상의 변화에 대한 정보를 제공하지는 않는다는 한계가 있었다. 본 연구에서는 선행연구의 이와 같은 제한점을 보완하기 위해, 제2언어 학습자 쓰기언어의 통사 발달을 다양성의 측면에서 탐구하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 한국인 학습자의 영어 작문에 나타난 동사-논항구조의 종류와 분포를 분석하였고, 능숙도 수준과 장르별로 빈도 분포에 차이가 있는지 살펴보았다. 연구자가 수집한 390편의 학습자 작문에 나타난 동사-논항구조의 용례를 모두 추출하여 분석한 결과, 학습자들은 제2언어 능숙도 수준이 높아질수록 더욱 다양한 동사-논항구조를 사용하고 있으며, 개별 동사-논항구조가 학습자의 쓰기언어에 출현하는 데에는 어느 정도의 순서가 있다는 것이 밝혀졌다. 또한 글의 장르에 따라 동사-논항구조의 분포가 달라지는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.
Abstract
Researchers have developed and used various measures of syntactic complexity to describe the syntactic proficiency of second language writers. However, most of these measures capture the degree of sophistication of the language structures used, but not so much the diversity. This study attempts to fill the gap by examining the diversity of verb-argument structures in second language writing. To this end, a corpus of 390 essays written by Korean EFL learners was analyzed. All instances of verb-argument structures in the corpus were retrieved and analyzed using corpus-analytic tools. Fourteen types of verb-argument structures and their sub-patterns were identified, and the occurrence and frequencies of each structure was tallied at the level of individual essays (writers), proficiency levels, and writing genres. The results showed that learners employ different verb-argument structures in different genres. It was also found that more advanced learners use more diverse verb-argument structures, and there is a certain order in the emergence of individual verb-argument structure in learners’ written language.
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