조선후기의 문헌 『사의당지』에 나타난 고택의 입지 및 공간구성에 관한 고찰

Abstract

This study has focused on analysis of the location and spatial composition about a traditional house recorded on the book, 『Saeudangzi』, which was written by Hong, Kyungmo(1774-1851). Saeudang(四宜堂), the Hong’s Seoul mansion[京邸], recorded on 『Saeudangzi(四宜堂志)』, was one of the most typical house of Sadaebo(士大夫: nobleman) in Chosun dynasty and unfortunately it does not exist at this time. It can be just imagined and analyzed through the record.「Saeudnagzi」, one of 『Gwanamjunseo』 which has 32 different writings, has respectively contents such as Wonseo(原書: preface), Dangwoo(堂宇: house), Hyungseung(形勝: landscape), Jomang(眺望: perspective), Hwasuk(花石: flowers and stones), Seohwa(書畵: writings and paintings), and Giwan(器玩: ceramics). In this research, I try to represent visual ground plans and analyze the spatial composition of the mansion based on Dangwoo(堂宇), Hyungseung(形勝), Jomang(眺望), Hwasuk(花石) among these contents. The spatial composition, location, garden landscape and so on of Saeudang are as below. 1. The building was consisted of about 100 rooms, which was sort of a big mansion. At first, it was princess Jungmyung's house bestowed from King Injo and was considered to be the scale of a castle house. After 150 years from that time, it was recorded on the book by Hong, Kyungmo. 2. The surrounding area of Saeudang as the location was a hermitage in a big city and a view point to see various mountains, hills, and stream. 3. The inner quarter of Saeudang had a two-story pavilion and was nearly opposite ‘ㄴ’ -shaped, which was adjoined the beneath of one was opposite ‘ㄱ’ -shapred. The 1st floor used as two servants’ quarters and two warehouses. The 2nd floor was a Ru-meru like a loft. 4. The records about building composition, placement, and the number of rooms in a building were very detail, whereas there are no clues which I can estimate of respectively distances between buildings. The book-Saeudangzi just tell us a garden's scale in the abstract like that garden's width is about twice of length and the garden is as wide as carts can pass the yard of one. 5. There are a Tai Hu-stone, 5 oddly-shaped stone, and 23 species of plants on flower stairs and yards. In addition, many potted plants(bonsai) of small trees, flowers, and stones were also on the stairs, which were consisted 17 bonsais with flowers and 4 bonsais with stones. 6. Flower stairs were respectively located on the back yards of Sooyarkdang and Jungdang. Moreover, the south yard of Saeudang had a flower bed and a pine-stair. According to 「Saeudangzi」, it just recorded a Tai-hu stone was on a yard, so I couldn't figure out where the stone was. 7. The fact that there were 3 stables in the servants’ quarters, which were in front of Saeudang, reveals a number of people often attended some poetry parties in the mansion. Furthermore, a floor at outer servants’ quarters were provided to guests as the rest place. 8. The meaning of Terms, Gye(階), Gye(堦), and Che(砌), are almost same as ‘stairs with stone’. Especially, Gye(階) and Gye(堦) have the exactly same meaning, but chinese character is different between both. The meaning of Che(砌) is also included that lots of stones are deposited in heaps.