여호 박필주의 인심도심설 고찰 -율곡·포음의 해석에 대한 이해를 중심으로-

Abstract

This paper discusses the theory human-mind (人心) and moral-mind (道心) of Yeoho Park Phil-Joo. Through this, Yeoho's understanding of the mind is confirmed. Furthermore, we would like to confirm the acceptance of Yulgok Yi I's theory of human-mind and moral-mind in the Giho school. To this end, Poeum Kim Chang-Jeup's interpretation of Yulgok’s human-mind and moral-mind was examined, and Yeoho's counterargument and interpretation were analyzed. Poeum interpreted it as wrong for Yulgok not to distinguish the source of human-mind and moral-mind. In addition, he criticized Yulgok for not being detailed about Qi (氣) while explaining human-mind. Yeoho criticized Poeum for not targeting Yulgok's completed theory. He also assessed Poeum's lack of understanding of Nature (性). Yeoho evaluated that Yulgok, focusing on criticizing Toegye, overlooked the different sources of human-mind and moral-mind. Human-mind and moral-mind have different sources, and the focus is on whether mind perceives Qi or Nature. Yeoho argued that the core function of mind lies in perceptual ability, and that it should be interpreted as ‘Mind (心) presides over Li and Qi’. There was criticism of Yulgok's theory within the Giho school. Through this, it was found that there was a critical perspective within the school without unilaterally accepting Yulgok's claim. It was confirmed that the research atmosphere of Neo-Confucianism in the late Joseon Dynasty did not unilaterally accept the teacher's theory and refined the theory through criticism.