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백세인의 라이프스타일 특징과 연구 동향에 관한 주제범위 고찰

The Scoping Review on Lifestyle Factors of Centenarians and the Study Trends

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목적 : 본 연구는 백세인의 라이프스타일을 다루고 있는 연구 동향을 살펴보고 라이프스타일의 요인으로 사용되는 개념에 대해 파악하고자 한다. 연구방법 : 검색 데이터베이스는 PubMed, CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature)을 사용하였으며, 국내 논문을 검색하기 위해 한국학술지인용색인(Korean Citation Index)을 이용하였다. 2003년 1월부터 2022년 12월까지 출판된 논문을 검색하였으며 검색어는 “centenarians” OR “Longevity” OR “healthy aging” AND “lifestyle”을 사용하였다. 국문으로 출판된 논문을 검색하 기 위한 검색어는 “백세인” OR “장수” OR “건강한 노화” AND “라이프스타일”을 사용하였다. 결과 : 31편의 논문을 분석한 결과 백세인의 라이프스타일 논문은 꾸준히 증가하는 추세이며, 유럽, 중국, 미국에서 많은 연구가 진행되고 있었다. 백세인의 라이프스타일 요소로는 신체기능, 식습관, 담배 및 알코올 섭취, 수면, 환경 및 심리사회적 요소, 여가, 인체측정학적 요소가 확인되었다. 결론 : 백세인의 라이프스타일 요인은 7가지로 분류할 수 있으며, 신체활동과 식습관 관리뿐만 아니라 사회적, 정서적 요소, 여가 및 취미활동도 큰 비중을 차지하였다. 본 연구에서 정리한 백세인의 라이프스타 일 요인은 바꿀 수 있는 요소들로 이루어져 백세인의 라이프스타일 특징을 이해하고, 건강수명을 증진시 키기 위한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

Abstract

Objective : This study aims to examine research trends related to centenarians' lifestyle factors and understand concepts used as lifestyle factors. Methods : PubMed and CINAHL were used for the search database, and the Korean Citation Index was used to search for domestic papers. The search period for literature was from January 2003 to December 2022, and the search terms were “centenarians,” OR “Longevity,” OR “healthy aging,” AND “lifestyle.” Results : As a result of analyzing 31 studies, centenarians' lifestyle papers are steadily increasing, and most of the studies are being conducted in Europe, China, and the United States. The lifestyle factors of centenarians were classified into physical function, dietary habits, tobacco and alcohol consumption, sleep, environmental and psychosocial factors, leisure, and anthropometric factors. Conclusion : There are seven lifestyle factors for centenarians, and not only physical activity and dietary habits but also psychosocial factors and leisure accounted for a large proportion. The lifestyle factors of centenarians summarized were composed of changeable factors that can be used to understand the lifestyle characteristics of centenarians and would be utilized as supplementary data for Healthy Life Expectancy.

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