Detection of Iron Phases Presents in Archaeological Artifacts by Raman Spectroscopy
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The compounds associated with corrosion, in metallic archaeological samples of carbon steel of insularorigin were evaluated to establish their degree of deterioration and structural damage against air pollution. The iron phases present in samples of archaeological artifacts were detected by Raman spectroscopy andconfocal Raman microcopy. These samples mainly exhibited ing mainly β-FeO(OH) type goethite oxyhydroxidesand small amounts of akaganeite α-FeO(OH) lepidocrocite g-FeO(OH) due to dominant chloride in a marineenvironment and non-stoichiometric oxyhydroxides Fe (II + / III +) as indicators of early corrosion. Someparts showed the presence of magnetic maghemite indicating high corrosion. g-FeO(OH) is a precursor ofphases associated with advanced marine corrosion. By studying its decomposition by Raman spectroscopy,it was synthesized with the following sequence: g-FeO(OH) → α-FeO(OH) + g-FeO(OH), →g–Fe2O3+ Fe3O4. Ferric compounds provided evidence for the effect of intensity of laser on them, constituting a very usefulinput for the characterization of oxidation of iron in this type of artifacts. Thus, destructive analysis techniquesshould be avoided in addition to the use of small amounts of specimen.
Abstract
The compounds associated with corrosion, in metallic archaeological samples of carbon steel of insularorigin were evaluated to establish their degree of deterioration and structural damage against air pollution. The iron phases present in samples of archaeological artifacts were detected by Raman spectroscopy andconfocal Raman microcopy. These samples mainly exhibited ing mainly β-FeO(OH) type goethite oxyhydroxidesand small amounts of akaganeite α-FeO(OH) lepidocrocite g-FeO(OH) due to dominant chloride in a marineenvironment and non-stoichiometric oxyhydroxides Fe (II + / III +) as indicators of early corrosion. Someparts showed the presence of magnetic maghemite indicating high corrosion. g-FeO(OH) is a precursor ofphases associated with advanced marine corrosion. By studying its decomposition by Raman spectroscopy,it was synthesized with the following sequence: g-FeO(OH) → α-FeO(OH) + g-FeO(OH), →g–Fe2O3+ Fe3O4. Ferric compounds provided evidence for the effect of intensity of laser on them, constituting a very usefulinput for the characterization of oxidation of iron in this type of artifacts. Thus, destructive analysis techniquesshould be avoided in addition to the use of small amounts of specimen.
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