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운동과 발달장애인의 체력 및심혈관 건강에 관한 문헌 고찰 연구

A Literature Review Study on Physical Fitness and Cardiovascular Health in People with Developmental Disabilities and Exercise

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주제분류체육

초록

발달장애인의 만성질환 유병률은 증가하고 있으므로 발달장애인의 건강과 기대 수명에 미치는 요인을 규명하고 이를 해결하기 위한 대책 마련이 시급하다. 발달장애인은 자기 표현력이 부족하거나 자기 의사결정능력이 낮을 수 있는데 이는 발달장애인의 건강 증진과 질환 예방의 걸림돌이 될 수 있다. 그 결과, 이러한 특성은 높은 유병률로 이어지며, 이를 개선하기 위한 다양한 중재 수단 중 하나로 발달장애인에게 규칙적인 운동이 권장된다. 따라서 본 총설 연구는 운동 중재에 따른 발달장애인의 체력 및심혈관 건강 변화를 규명한 선행연구를 탐색하였다.연구 결과 발달장애인의 운동 참여율은 비장애인에 비해 상대적으로 낮으며,체력 수준 및심혈관 건강과 관련된 변인들 또한 낮게 나타났다.그러나 유산소 및저항 운동은 발달장애인의 체력 및 심혈관 건강에 긍정적인 영향을 미친 것으로 확인되었다. 본 연구는 발달장애인의 체력 및 심혈관 건강 관련 특성과 이에 따른 운동의 효과를 정리하였으며, 이는 발달장애인의 체력과 심혈관 건강 향상을 위한 다양한 운동 프로그램 개발 시 기초자료로 활용될 것으로 기대된다.

Abstract

The prevalence of chronic diseases among PDD is increasing, and there is an urgent need to identify factors that affect their health and life expectancy, and to develop measures to address them. Due to their lack of self-expression and low self-determination, PDD are less likely to engage in voluntary efforts to prevent disease and improve their health. As a result, these characteristics are associated with higher prevalence rates, and regular exercise is recommended as one of many interventions to improve health. Therefore, this narrative review explored the literature on changes in physical fitness and cardiovascular health in PDD following exercise interventions. The results showed that exercise participation among PDD is relatively low compared to people without disabilities, and variables related to fitness levels and cardiovascular health are also low. However, both aerobic and resistance exercises were found to have a positive effect on fitness and cardiovascular health among PDD. This study summarized the physical fitness and cardiovascular health-related characteristics of PDD and the effects of exercise on them, which can be used as a basis for developing various exercise programs to improve physical fitness and cardiovascular health of PDD.

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