쌍발기 대비 A380 연료효율성 비교 분석 연구

Abstract

At the beginning of the operation of the A380, it was expected that the A380 would replace the conventional aircraft with its excellent fuel efficiency and carbon reduction effect. The A380 is efficient when full passenger on board for long-haul routes. However, the commercial aviation landscape has changed dramatically over the past two to three years, and the demand for larger aircraft such as A380 and B747 has disappeared. As oil prices rise, airlines increasingly want to operate high-efficiency aircraft, and manufacturers are developing and supplying twin-engine aircraft such as the A350 and B787, which are capable of longdistance flights and have improved fuel efficiency. As a result of the COVID-19 outbreak, most airlines operating the A380 have suspended the operation of the A380. Currently, the A380 is temporarily operated due to the surge in travel demand. In the long term, the controversy regarding the economic analysis of the A380 operation will continue. In this study, the fuel efficiency of A380 and A350 was comparatively and evaluated. Using actual flight data of A380 and A350, the superiority and inferiority of fuel efficiency were presented with specific figures. Using the fuel efficiency prediction model established in this study, two cases of the same payload and the same load factor were compared. Based on the same payload, the fuel efficiency of the A350 was about 2.0 times higher than that of the A380. Based on the same load factor, the fuel efficiency of the A350 was about 1.35 times higher than that of the A380. Although the difference in fuel efficiency between the two aircraft was reduced, it was confirmed that the fuel efficiency of the latest twin-engine A350 was quite excellent, and it was evaluated that the A380 aircraft had room to compete with the A350 only when close to full passengers were on board. The economics of A380 operation was analyzed by expanding from the technical concept of fuel efficiency to the airline management concept of benefits and costs. However, in order to quantify detailed benefits and costs, there are limitations in that airlines’ own business policies and purchase contracts must be confirmed, and time series predictions of external variables such as crude oil prices and exchange rates must be studied in advance. Exact economic analysis is left as a future study, and in this study, the economic analysis of A380 operation was confirmed at a general level as a result of fuel efficiency comparison. The unit cost excluding fuel cost is assumed to be the same. CASK (Cost per Available Ton Kilometer), which is the cost of flying 1km per passenger, is higher in the A380 than in the A350. On the other hand, the economics of operating the A380 is determined by the RASK (Revenue per Available Ton Kilometer), which is the profit earned when flying 1km per passenger. If the RASK of A380 exceeds 1.35 times that of the A350, the A380 is considered to have a competitive compared with the A350. If the A380’s RASK exceeds the A380’s own CASK, the A380 can continue to operate. Airline must maintain ‘RASK > CASK’ of A380. It is necessary to increase RASK by increasing passenger ticket, cargo transportation, and in-flight duty-free sales, while reducing CASK by reducing cost.