No Significant Differences in Presepsin Levels According to the Causative Microorganism of Bloodstream Infection
3
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Background CD14 recognizes lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and presepsin is a fragment of soluble CD14. Still, it remains uncertain whether Gram-negative bacteria induce higher presepsin levels than other microorganisms. To address this question, this study aimed to analyze presepsin levels based on microorganisms isolated in blood cultures. Materials and Methods This study was a single-center study comprising suspected sepsis patients enrolled from July 2020 to September 2020. A total of 95 patients with a single isolate confirmed in blood culture were analyzed to evaluate if there are any differences in presepsin levels according to microbial isolates. Plasma presepsin level was measured using PATHFAST assay kit and analyzer (LSI Medience Corporation, Tokyo, Japan). Results There were 26 Gram-positive bacteremia, 65 Gram-negative bacteremia, and 3 fungemia patients with median presepsin levels of 869, 1,439, and 11,951 pg/mL, respectively. Besides, one case of algaemia demonstrated a presepsin level of 1,231 pg/mL. Our results showed no statistically significant difference in presepsin levels among patients with Gram-positive bacteremia, Gram-negative bacteremia, and fungemia. Furthermore, presepsin levels did not differ significantly among bloodstream infections caused by bacteria that were isolated from at least three different patients. In particular, Gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis were able to induce presepsin levels comparable to those induced by Gram-negative bacteria. Conclusion We demonstrated that there were no significant differences in plasma presepsin levels according to microbial isolates in blood culture. The major cause of the variability in presepsin levels during bloodstream infection might be the immunogenicity of each microorganism rather than the presence of LPS in the microorganism.
Abstract
Background CD14 recognizes lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and presepsin is a fragment of soluble CD14. Still, it remains uncertain whether Gram-negative bacteria induce higher presepsin levels than other microorganisms. To address this question, this study aimed to analyze presepsin levels based on microorganisms isolated in blood cultures. Materials and Methods This study was a single-center study comprising suspected sepsis patients enrolled from July 2020 to September 2020. A total of 95 patients with a single isolate confirmed in blood culture were analyzed to evaluate if there are any differences in presepsin levels according to microbial isolates. Plasma presepsin level was measured using PATHFAST assay kit and analyzer (LSI Medience Corporation, Tokyo, Japan). Results There were 26 Gram-positive bacteremia, 65 Gram-negative bacteremia, and 3 fungemia patients with median presepsin levels of 869, 1,439, and 11,951 pg/mL, respectively. Besides, one case of algaemia demonstrated a presepsin level of 1,231 pg/mL. Our results showed no statistically significant difference in presepsin levels among patients with Gram-positive bacteremia, Gram-negative bacteremia, and fungemia. Furthermore, presepsin levels did not differ significantly among bloodstream infections caused by bacteria that were isolated from at least three different patients. In particular, Gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis were able to induce presepsin levels comparable to those induced by Gram-negative bacteria. Conclusion We demonstrated that there were no significant differences in plasma presepsin levels according to microbial isolates in blood culture. The major cause of the variability in presepsin levels during bloodstream infection might be the immunogenicity of each microorganism rather than the presence of LPS in the microorganism.
참고문헌 (28)
- Kim MH, "An update on sepsis biomarkers", Infect Chemother, 52, pp.1~18 (2020)
- Kim CJ, "Current status of antibiotic stewardship and the role of biomarkers in antibiotic stewardship programs", Infect Chemother, 54, pp.674~698 (2022)
- Park JE, "Complementary use of presepsin with the sepsis-3 criteria improved identification of high-risk patients with suspected sepsis", Biomedicines, 9, pp.1076~ (2021)
- Shozushima T, "Usefulness of presepsin(sCD14-ST)measurements as a marker for the diagnosis and severity of sepsis that satisfied diagnostic criteria of systemic inflammatory response syndrome", J Infect Chemother, 17, pp.764~769 (2011)
- Arai Y, "Phagocytosis by human monocytes is required for the secretion of presepsin", J Infect Chemother, 21, pp.564~569 (2015)
- Chenevier-Gobeaux C, "Presepsin(sCD14-ST)secretion and kinetics by peripheral blood mononuclear cells and monocytic THP-1 cell line", Ann Biol Clin(Paris), 74, pp.93~97 (2016)
- Chenevier-Gobeaux C, "Presepsin(sCD14-ST), an innate immune response marker in sepsis", Clin Chim Acta, 450, pp.97~103 (2015)
- Zanoni I, "CD14 controls the LPS-induced endocytosis of Toll-like receptor 4", Cell, 147, pp.868~880 (2011)
- Endo S, "Usefulness of presepsin in the diagnosis of sepsis in a multicenter prospective study", J Infect Chemother, 18, pp.891~897 (2012)
- Masson S, "Presepsin(soluble CD14 subtype)and procalcitonin levels for mortality prediction in sepsis : data from the albumin Italian outcome sepsis trial", Crit Care, 18, pp.R6~ (2014)
- Romualdo LG, "Diagnostic accuracy of presepsin(soluble CD14 subtype)for prediction of bacteremia in patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome in the Emergency Department", Clin Biochem, 47, pp.505~508 (2014)
- Masson S, "Circulating presepsin(soluble CD14 subtype)as a marker of host response in patients with severe sepsis or septic shock : data from the multicenter, randomized ALBIOS trial", Intensive Care Med, 41, pp.12~20 (2015)
- Matera G, "Soluble CD14 subtype-a new biomarker in predicting the outcome of critically ill septic patients", Am J Med Sci, 353, pp.543~551 (2017)
- Koizumi Y, "Can presepsin uniformly respond to various pathogens?-an in vitro assay of new sepsis marker", BMC Immunol, 21, pp.33~ (2020)
- Rabensteiner J, "Diagnostic and prognostic potential of presepsin in emergency department patients presenting with systemic inflammatory response syndrome", J Infect, 69, pp.627~630 (2014)
- Lu B, "The utility of presepsin in diagnosis and risk stratification for the emergency patients with sepsis", Am J Emerg Med, 36, pp.1341~1345 (2018)
- Yang HS, "Prognostic value of presepsin in adult patients with sepsis : systematic review and meta-analysis", PLoS One, 13, pp.e0191486~ (2018)
- Kondo Y, "Diagnostic value of procalcitonin and presepsin for sepsis in critically ill adult patients : a systematic review and meta-analysis", J Intensive Care, 7, pp.22~ (2019)
- Okamura Y, "Development of a point-of-care assay system for measurement of presepsin(sCD14-ST)", Clin Chim Acta, 412, pp.2157~2161 (2011)
- Iriart X, "Routine identification of medical fungi by the new Vitek MS matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight system with a new time-effective strategy", J Clin Microbiol, 50, pp.2107~2110 (2012)
- Dubois D, "Performances of the Vitek MS matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry system for rapid identification of bacteria in routine clinical microbiology", J Clin Microbiol, 50, pp.2568~2576 (2012)
- Patel R, "Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry in clinical microbiology", Clin Infect Dis, 57, pp.564~572 (2013)
- Bamba Y, "Increased presepsin levels are associated with the severity of fungal bloodstream infections", PLoS One, 13, pp.e0206089~ (2018)
- Lippi G, "Can presepsin be used for screening invasive fungal infections?", Ann Transl Med, 7, pp.87~ (2019)
- Sim JY, "Fatal disseminated infection caused by Prototheca zopfii in a child with leukemia", J Microbiol Immunol Infect, 52, pp.833~835 (2019)
- Palaniappan PA, "Protothecosis algaemia in a patient presenting with septic arthritis : a rare case of Prototheca zopfii isolated from Malaysia", IDCases, 24, pp.e01121~ (2021)
- Wright SD, "CD14 and innate recognition of bacteria", J Immunol, 155, pp.6~8 (1995)
- Di Gioia M, "Toll-like receptor co-receptors as master regulators of the immune response", Mol Immunol, 63, pp.143~152 (2015)