Synergistic antitumor activity of sorafenib and MG149 in hepatocellular carcinoma cells
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Advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is among the mostchallenging cancers to overcome, and there is a need for bettertherapeutic strategies. Among the different cancer drugs thathave been used in clinics, sorafenib is considered the standardfirst-line drug for advanced HCC. Here, to identify a chemicalcompound displaying a synergistic effect with sorafenib in HCC,we screened a focused chemical library and found that MG149,a histone acetyltransferase inhibitor targeting the MYST family,exhibited the most synergistic anticancer effect with sorafenibon HCC cells. The combination of sorafenib and MG149 exerteda synergistic anti-proliferation effect on HCC cells by inducingapoptotic cell death. We revealed that cotreatment with sorafeniband MG149 aggravated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stressto promote the death of HCC cells rather than adaptive cellsurvival. In addition, combined treatment with sorafenib andMG149 significantly increased the intracellular levels of unfoldedproteins and reactive oxygen species, which upregulated ERstress. Collectively, these results suggest that MG149 has thepotential to improve the efficacy of sorafenib in advanced HCCvia the upregulation of cytotoxic ER stress.
Abstract
Advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is among the mostchallenging cancers to overcome, and there is a need for bettertherapeutic strategies. Among the different cancer drugs thathave been used in clinics, sorafenib is considered the standardfirst-line drug for advanced HCC. Here, to identify a chemicalcompound displaying a synergistic effect with sorafenib in HCC,we screened a focused chemical library and found that MG149,a histone acetyltransferase inhibitor targeting the MYST family,exhibited the most synergistic anticancer effect with sorafenibon HCC cells. The combination of sorafenib and MG149 exerteda synergistic anti-proliferation effect on HCC cells by inducingapoptotic cell death. We revealed that cotreatment with sorafeniband MG149 aggravated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stressto promote the death of HCC cells rather than adaptive cellsurvival. In addition, combined treatment with sorafenib andMG149 significantly increased the intracellular levels of unfoldedproteins and reactive oxygen species, which upregulated ERstress. Collectively, these results suggest that MG149 has thepotential to improve the efficacy of sorafenib in advanced HCCvia the upregulation of cytotoxic ER stress.
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