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20․30대가 생각하는 합리적인 구매의사결정이란?: 정성연구로 밝힌 새로운 소비패턴의 원인

What is Reasonable Purchasing Decision in 20․30s?: The Cause of the New Consumption Pattern Revealed by Qualitative Research

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참고문헌

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초록

본 연구는 20․30대의 소비 현상을 보고, 과거의 20․30대에서는 발견하지 못한 새로운 패턴이 있음을 목격한 것에서 시작되었다. 외부 환경의 변화, 가치관의 변화는 20․30대가 가진 생각, 더 나아가 행동까지 변화하게 하였다. 그중에서도 20․30대가 생각하는 합리적인 구매의사결정의 소비패턴은 지금까지 다루었던 ‘합리적인 모습’과는 전혀 다른 양상을 보임을 확인할 수 있었다. 소비의 주체가 되는 20․30대들이 생각하는 합리적인 구매의사결정이 무엇인지를 탐색하기 위해 ‘20․30대가 공감하는 합리적인 구매의사결정’ 상황을 선정하여 다중사례연구를 위한 인터뷰를 수행하였다. 분석을 통해 밝힌 20․30대의 합리적인 구매의사결정은 다음과 같은 8개의 이유로 설명할 수 있었다. 첫째, 20․30대 소비자는 자신이 겪은 주관적 경험과 제한된 지식으로 의사결정을 하며, 둘째, 20․30대 소비자는 자신의 가치를 기반으로 구매결정을 내린다. 셋째, 20․30대는 자신이 가지고 있는 주관적인 기준을 중점적으로 두어 구매결정을 내리고, 넷째, 20․30대는 위험하거나 귀찮음이 발생하는 선택을 꺼리기에 빠르게 결정할 수 있고, 피드백이 확실한 구매결정을 선호한다. 다섯째, 20․30대는 가격과 서비스를 평가하는 주관적 기준이 있기에 적정선에서 타협할 수 있는 구매결정을 내리며, 여섯째, 다른 어떤 요인보다도 그들이 욕구를 충족할 수 있는지가 우선시되는 구매결정을 한다. 나머지 두 가지의 발견은 인터뷰를 통해 새롭게 밝힌 요인이며 먼저 20․30대는 주변 인물, 주변 집단을 의식하는 구매결정을 내린다는 것, 다음으로 20․30대는 자신의 신체적․심리적 편안함, 사적인 생활의 보호를 위해서는 더 큰 비용을 선뜻 지불한다는 것과 자신이 대접을 받고 있다는 느낌을 주는 제품이나 서비스를 기꺼이 구매한다는 것이다.

Abstract

This study began with seeing consumption phenomena in 20․30s and witnessing new patterns that were not found in 20․30s in the past. Changes in the external environment and values have changed the thoughts and actions of those in 20․30s. Among them, it was confirmed that the consumption pattern of rational purchase decision-making, which people in 20․30s think, is completely different from the “reasonable appearance” that has been dealt with so far. In order to explore what rational purchasing decisions people in 20․30s think are the main agents of consumption, interviews were conducted for multi-case studies by selecting a “reasonable purchasing decision” situation that those in 20․30s sympathized with. The rational purchase decision-making of those in 20․30s revealed through the analysis could be explained in eight situations. The concept of having a direct connection to unreasonable purchasing decisions was ‘subjectivity’. Subjective knowledge, experience, and value that they have, not objective information or grounds, have a profound impact on their choices. Therefore, rather than clearly defining factors that affect purchases, they appear different depending on the situation and on their own needs at the moment of purchase decision making. It is expected that consumers who show double-sided characteristics will become a big challenge for marketers in the future.

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