Skipping breakfast is associated with diet quality and metabolic syndrome risk factors of adults
1
조회
0
다운로드
12
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of skipping breakfast on diet quality and metabolic disease risk factors in healthy Korean adults. Subjects included 415 employees (118 men, 297 women; 30-50 years old) of Jaesang Hospital in Korea and their acquaintances. Data collected from each subject included anthropometric measurements, 3-day dietary intake, blood pressure, and blood analyses. The subjects were classified into three groups based on the number of days they skipped breakfast: ‘Regular breakfast eater’, ‘Often breakfast eater’, or ‘Rare breakfast eater’. Participants in the ‘Rare breakfast eater’ group consumed less rice, potatoes, kimchi, vegetables, fish and shellfish, milk and dairy products, and sweets than did participants in the other two groups (P for trend < 0.05) and ate more cookies, cakes, and meat for dinner (P for trend < 0.05). Participants in the ‘Rare breakfast eater’ group consumed less daily energy, fat, dietary fiber, calcium, and potassium than did participants in the other groups (P for trend < 0.05). The percent energy from carbohydrates was lower and fat intake was higher in the ’Rare breakfast eater’ group than in the other groups (P for trend < 0.01). When diets were compared using the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range for Koreans, 59.1%of subjects in the ‘Rare breakfast eater’ group consumed more energy from fat compared with the other two groups (P < 0.005). According to the Estimated Average Requirements for Koreans, intake of selected nutrients was lower in the ‘Rare breakfast eater’ group than in the other two groups (P < 0.05). The risk of elevated serum triglycerides was decreased in the ‘Rare breakfast eater’ group (OR, 0.3 [0.1-1.0], P for trend = 0.0232). We conclude that eating breakfast regularly enhances diet quality, but may increase the risk of elevated serum triglycerides.
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of skipping breakfast on diet quality and metabolic disease risk factors in healthy Korean adults. Subjects included 415 employees (118 men, 297 women; 30-50 years old) of Jaesang Hospital in Korea and their acquaintances. Data collected from each subject included anthropometric measurements, 3-day dietary intake, blood pressure, and blood analyses. The subjects were classified into three groups based on the number of days they skipped breakfast: ‘Regular breakfast eater’, ‘Often breakfast eater’, or ‘Rare breakfast eater’. Participants in the ‘Rare breakfast eater’ group consumed less rice, potatoes, kimchi, vegetables, fish and shellfish, milk and dairy products, and sweets than did participants in the other two groups (P for trend < 0.05) and ate more cookies, cakes, and meat for dinner (P for trend < 0.05). Participants in the ‘Rare breakfast eater’ group consumed less daily energy, fat, dietary fiber, calcium, and potassium than did participants in the other groups (P for trend < 0.05). The percent energy from carbohydrates was lower and fat intake was higher in the ’Rare breakfast eater’ group than in the other groups (P for trend < 0.01). When diets were compared using the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range for Koreans, 59.1%of subjects in the ‘Rare breakfast eater’ group consumed more energy from fat compared with the other two groups (P < 0.005). According to the Estimated Average Requirements for Koreans, intake of selected nutrients was lower in the ‘Rare breakfast eater’ group than in the other two groups (P < 0.05). The risk of elevated serum triglycerides was decreased in the ‘Rare breakfast eater’ group (OR, 0.3 [0.1-1.0], P for trend = 0.0232). We conclude that eating breakfast regularly enhances diet quality, but may increase the risk of elevated serum triglycerides.
참고문헌 (32)
- Kant AK, "Association of breakfast energy density with diet quality and body mass index in American adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, 1999-2004", Am J Clin Nutr, 88, pp.1396~1404 (2004)
- Lee SH, "Moon HA. The effect of breakfast regularity on eating habits, nutritional and health status in adults", Korean J Nutr, 29, pp.533~546 (1996)
- Rogers PJ, "How important is breakfast", Br J Nutr, 78, pp.197~198 (1997)
- Ruxton CH, "Breakfast: a review of associations with measures of dietary intake, physiology and biochemistry", Br J Nutr, 78, pp.199~213 (1997)
- Williams P, "Breakfast and the diets of Australian adults: an analysis of data from the 1995 National Nutrition Survey", Int J Food Sci Nutr, 56, pp.65~79 (2005)
- Kim SH, "Children's growth and school performance in relation to breakfast", J Korean Diet Assoc, 5, pp.215~224 (1999)
- ., "2008", ~
- 최미경, "서울시내 직장인의 식습관과 건강에 관한 연구", 한국식생활문화학회지, 18(1), pp.45~55 (2003), 한국식생활문화학회
- 신경화, "울시내 직장인의 아침식사 식습관에 관한 연구", 한국식품조리과학회지, 18(1), pp.119~128 (2002), 한국식품조리과학회
- 윤선주, "일부 성인에서 라이프스타일에 따른 아침 결식률과 아침결식자의 결식 원인 및 식행동에 관한 조사", 대한지역사회영양학회지, 15(2), pp.191~205 (2010), 대한지역사회영양학회
- Cho S, "The effect of breakfast type on total daily energy intake and body mass index: results from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III)", J Am Coll Nutr, 22, pp.296~302 (2003)
- Nicklas TA, "Efficiency of breakfast consumption patterns of ninth graders: nutrient-tocost comparisons", J Am Diet Assoc, 102, pp.226~233 (2002)
- Siega-Riz AM, "Differences in food patterns at breakfast by sociodemographic characteristics among a nationally representative sample of adults in the United States", Prev Med, 30, pp.415~424 (2000)
- 정진은, "한국인의 시리얼 섭취실태와 우유 및 칼슘섭취와의 관련성 연구- 2001년도 국민건강영양조사 자료를 이용하여 -", 한국영양학회지, 39(8), pp.786~794 (2006), 한국영양학회
- 심재은, "2001년 국민건강영양조사에 나타난 아침식사유형에 따른식사의 질과 건강상태", 한국영양학회지, 40(5), pp.451~462 (2007), 한국영양학회
- 여윤재, "초·중·고등학생의 아침식사 섭취에 따른 하루식사의 질 평가: 2001년 국민건강·영양조사 자료 분석", 대한지역사회영양학회지, 14(1), pp.1~11 (2009), 대한지역사회영양학회
- Garn SM, "The real problem with 1-day diet records", Am J Clin Nutr, 31, pp.1114~1116 (1978)
- Krantzler NJ, "Validity of telephoned diet recalls and records for assessment of individual food intake", Am J Clin Nutr, 36, pp.1234~1242 (1982)
- Lührmann PM, "Validation of a self-administered 3-day estimated dietary record for use in the elderly", Eur J Nutr, 38, pp.235~240 (1999)
- Tremblay A, "The reproducibility of a three-day dietary record", Nutr Res, 3, pp.819~830 (1983)
- 강혜라, "24시간 회상법을 사용한 한국 성인의 식이섭취조사에서 재회상 단계 추가의 영향 분석", 한국영양학회지, 42(2), pp.158~170 (2009), 한국영양학회
- 여윤재, "초·중·고등학생의 아침결식 관련 변인: 2001년 국민건강·영양조사 자료 분석", 대한지역사회영양학회지, 13(1), pp.62~68 (2008), 대한지역사회영양학회
- Noh HY, "The association of long-term dietary patterns and changes in body composition in Korean early adolescent girls" (2008), Seoul: Seoul National University
- Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans, "The Korean Nutrition Society", The Korean Nutrition Society, ~ (2005)
- "The IDF consensus worldwide definition of the metabolic syndrome" (2006)[URL]
- Lee S, "Cut-off points of waist circumference for defining abdominal obesity in the Korean population", Korean J Obes, 15, pp.1~9 (2006)
- Macdiarmid JI, "High and low fat consumers, their macronutrient intake and body mass index: further analysis of the National Diet and Nutrition Survey of British Adults", Eur J Clin Nutr, 50, pp.505~512 (1996)
- Swinburn BA, "Energy and macronutrient metabolism", Baillieres Clin Endocrinol Metab, 8, pp.527~548 (1994)
- Browning JD, "A lowcarbohydrate diet rapidly and dramatically reduces intrahepatic triglyceride content", Hepatology, 44, pp.487~488 (2006)
- Parks EJ, "Effect of dietary carbohydrate on triglyceride metabolism in humans", J Nutr, 131, pp.2772~2774 (2001)
- West CE, "Boys from populations with high-carbohydrate intake have higher fasting triglyceride levels than boys from populations with high-fat intake", Am J Epidemiol, 131, pp.271~282 (1990)
- Turley ML, "The effect of a low-fat, high-carbohydrate diet on serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride", Eur J Clin Nutr, 52, pp.728~732 (1998)