「융단 속의 무늬」에 나타난 희극적 풍자와 삶과 예술의 전도
Comic Satire and Inversion of Life and Art in “The Figure in the Carpet”
1
조회
0
다운로드
2
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
“The Figure in the Carpet” has been considered as one of the most ambiguous tales of Henry James, and as a tale on the absence of absolute truth or absolute meaning. But, seen from the perspective of James’s consistent interests in the relation of life and art in his artist tales, it can be read as another variation of that relation, one that depicts an inversion of life and art. According to James himself, this tale was meant to criticize the lack of “analytic appreciation” and the “numbness of general sensibility” “in the English- speaking air.” Thus, in the story, three critics are lured and tested for their critical qualifications. They are meant to discover the “secret”—“the figure in the carpet”—of Hugh Vereker, a famous but unpopular writer. But they can’t achieve the goal because of their “limp curiosity,” and because, as critics who have abandoned their real lives and true human sympathy, they have a strong avidity for fame and success. The inversion of life and art is the natural result following from their quest for the “secret.” The anonymous first-person narrator is an especially cold, obsessed observer who inflicts violent injury on other people’s hearts and commits an ‘Unpardonable Sin’ like the scientist characters in Nathaniel Hawthorne’s tales.
Abstract
“The Figure in the Carpet” has been considered as one of the most ambiguous tales of Henry James, and as a tale on the absence of absolute truth or absolute meaning. But, seen from the perspective of James’s consistent interests in the relation of life and art in his artist tales, it can be read as another variation of that relation, one that depicts an inversion of life and art. According to James himself, this tale was meant to criticize the lack of “analytic appreciation” and the “numbness of general sensibility” “in the English- speaking air.” Thus, in the story, three critics are lured and tested for their critical qualifications. They are meant to discover the “secret”—“the figure in the carpet”—of Hugh Vereker, a famous but unpopular writer. But they can’t achieve the goal because of their “limp curiosity,” and because, as critics who have abandoned their real lives and true human sympathy, they have a strong avidity for fame and success. The inversion of life and art is the natural result following from their quest for the “secret.” The anonymous first-person narrator is an especially cold, obsessed observer who inflicts violent injury on other people’s hearts and commits an ‘Unpardonable Sin’ like the scientist characters in Nathaniel Hawthorne’s tales.
참고문헌 (23)
- 김지영, "비밀의 탐색: ‘융단 속의 무늬’를 중심으로", 헨리 제임스 연구, 3, pp.83~100 (1998)
- 제임스, 헨리, "헨리 제임스 단편집", pp.269~336 (1995), 현민시스템
- 조흥근, "｢벨트라피오의 저자｣에 나타난 삶과 예술", 영어영문학21, 17(2), pp.131~149 (2004), 21세기영어영문학회
- 조흥근, "헨리 제임스의 ｢대가의 교훈｣ 다시 읽기 —심미주의 비판의 관점에서", 영어영문학21, 23(2), pp.73~90 (2010), 21세기영어영문학회
- Anderson, Quentin, "The American Henry James" (1957), Rutgers UP
- Edel, Leon, "The Life of Henry James. Vol. 2" (1977), Penguin
- Geismar, Maxwell, "Henry James and the Jacobites" (1963), Houghton Mifflin
- Intonti, Vittoria, "'The Figure in the Carpet’ as an Allegory of Reading", RSA Journal, 7, pp.27~37 (1996)
- James, Henry, "The Notebooks of Henry James" (1961), Oxford UP
- James, Henry, "The Complete Tales of Henry James. Vol. 9", pp.273~315 (1964), Rupert Hart-Davis
- James, Henry, "Henry James Literary Criticism: French Writers, Other European Writers" (1984), The Library of America
- Levy, Leo B, "A Reading of ‘The Figure in the Carpet’", American Literature, 33(4), pp.457~465 (1962)
- Liss, David, "The Fixation of Belief in ‘The Figure in the Carpet’: Henry James and Peircean Semiotics", The Henry James Review, 16(1), pp.36~47 (1995)
- Liste, José, "Textuality in Henry James’ ‘The Figure in the Carpet’", Barcelona English Language and Literature Studies, 2, pp.139~152 (1989)
- Lock, Peter W., "‘The Figure in the Carpet’: The Text as Riddle and Force", Nineteenth-Century Fiction, 36(2), pp.157~175 (1981)
- Matthiessen, F. O, "Stories of Writers and Artists by Henry James" (1944), A New Directions Book
- Miller, Hillis., "The Figure in the Carpet", Poetics Today, 1(3), pp.107~118 (1980)
- Rimmon, Shlomith, "The Concept of Ambiguity—the Examples of Henry James" (1977), The U of Chicago P
- Sweeney, Gerard M., "The Deadly Figure in James’s Carpet", Modern Language Studies, 13(4), pp.79~85 (1983)
- Taghizadeh, Ali, "A Post-structuralist Reading on Henry James’s ‘The Figure in the Carpet’", Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 2(9), pp.1922~1930 (2012)
- Vaid, Krishna Baldev, "Technique in the Tales of Henry James" (1964), Harvard UP
- Wilson, Raymond J., "The Possibility of Realism: ‘The Figure in the Carpet’ and Hawthorne’s Intertext", The Henry James Review, 16(2), pp.142~152 (1995)
- Wirth-Nesher, Hana., "The Thematics of Interpretation: James’s Artist Tales", The Henry James Review, 5(2), pp.117~127 (1984)