다층 마이크로스트립 전송선 기반 버틀러 매트릭스 설계 및 구현
Design and Implementation of Butler Matrix Based on Multilayered MTL
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초록
제안한 버틀러 매트릭스는 빔 성형 네트워크의 급전 시스템으로서 어레이 안테나의 빔 방향을 조정할 수 있다. 배열 안테나의 빔 패턴은 급전 신호의 크기와 위상 및 안테나 요소 사이의 간격에 의해 결정된다. 따라서 어레이 안테나에 공급되는 급전 신호의 크기 및 위상은 빔 형성 방향을 조정하는데 사용된다. 방향성 결합기, 위상천이 및 크로스오버와 같은 각 구성 요소를 설계하는 것은 버틀러 매트릭스의 성능을 결정하기 때문에 매우 중요하다. 본 논문에서는 제한된 협대역을 확장하고 크기를 줄이기 위해 슬롯결합 방향성 결합기를 갖는 3분기선로 방향성 결합기를 결합한 4×4 버틀러 매트릭스를 제안하였다. 따라서 버틀러 매트릭스 회로는 다층 기술로 구성되며 동일한 층에 크로스오버를 사용하지 않고 설계되었다. 다층 구성은 슬롯결합 방향성 결합기를 사용하여 해결한다. 마지막으로 버틀러 매트릭스는 제안된 구성에 따라 이층 마이크로 스트립 전송 라인에서 설계 및 제작되었다. 또한 성능 분석을 위해 시뮬레이션 결과와 측정 결과를 비교하였다. 결과적으로, 이 매트릭스는 동작 주파수 대역에서 상대 대역폭, 최대 반사 손실, 삽입 손실 및 순차 위상 천이가 각각 24%, 15.76dB, 6.5±0.8dB 및 ±9.5°인 양호한 성능을 가진다.
Abstract
The proposed Butler matrix is capable of controlling the beam direction of array antenna as a feeding system of the beamforming network. The beam pattern of array antenna is controlled by the magnitude and phase of feeding signal, and interval between antenna elements. Therefore, the magnitude and phase of feeding signal supplied to array antenna is used for adjusting the beamforming direction. Designing each component such as the directional coupler, phase shifter and crossover is very important because those decides on the performance of Bulter matrix. In this paper, we propose the 4⨉4 Butler matrix combining three-branch line directional couplers with slot-coupled directional couplers to extend the limited narrow bandwidth, and to reduce the size. Therefore, the Butler matrix circuit is constructed in a multilayer technology and designed without using a crossover on the same layer. The multilayered composition is resolved by using the slot-coupled directional coupler. Finally, the Butler matrix was designed and fabricated on double layered microstrip transmission line (MTL) by the proposed configuration. And also, the simulation results and the measured results were compared for performance analysis each other. As a result, the proposed matrix has good performance that the relative bandwidth, maximum return loss, insertion loss and progressive phase shift are 24%, 15.76dB, 6.5±0.8dB and 9.5° in operating frequency band, respectively.
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