과제 정보탐색 과정에서 대학생의 인지적 장벽에 관한 연구
Exploring Cognitive Barriers in University Students’ Information Search Process
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정보탐색의 수행은 정보 필요성 인식, 적절한 정보원 선택 및 평가를 포함하는 다양한 인지 활동으로 이루어진다. 이 연구에서는 대학생의 과제 수행 과정에서 나타나는 정보탐색의 어려움이 인지적 장벽과 어떤 관계가 있는지를 종합적으로 분석하였다. 인지적 장벽은 인간의 인지적 판단 과정에서 정보 접근을 방해하거나 지연시키는 장애물로 정의된다. 대학생이 경험하는 주요 인지적 장벽의 유형과 영향 요인을 탐색하기 위해 문헌 연구, 심층 인터뷰와 개인 검색 과정 영상 데이터를 포함한 데이터 수집과 내용분석을 수행하였다. 연구 결과, 도출된 주요 인지적 장벽은 무지, 부족한 검색 기술, 유용성 무인지, 그리고 주제 지식 부족 등으로 나타났다. Dervin의 의미형성접근법을 활용하여 이러한 인지적 장벽에 영향을 미치는 요소를 분석하고 그 결과를 제시하였다. 본 연구는 대학생들이 도서관 디지털 자료와 인터넷 자료의 연계성을 이해하고 유용성을 인식하도록 지원할 필요성을 강조한다. 아울러, 정보탐색 역량의 격차를 고려한 정보 리터러시 교육을 마련할 것과 이를 대학 이전 정규 교육과정에 포함할 것을 제안한다.
Abstract
Completing an information search task involves various cognitive activities, from recognizing the need for information to selecting and evaluating it. This study aims to explore and comprehensively analyze the difficulties university students encounter while performing information searches for academic tasks to determine whether these difficulties are related to cognitive barriers. In this context, ‘university students’ information search’ refers to searches conducted for assignments or research tasks rather than everyday information needs. A cognitive barrier is defined as an obstacle in the human cognitive process that prevents or delays access to information. Through literature review, in-depth interviews, data collection including scripts and videos, and qualitative content analysis, we explored the types and influencing factors of major cognitive barriers experienced by university students. The main cognitive barriers identified were lack of knowledge, insufficient search skills, insufficient awareness of information usability, and lack of subject knowledge. Dervin’s Sense-Making Approach was employed to analyze the factors that contribute to these cognitive barriers and present our findings. The study highlights the necessity of supporting university students in understanding the interconnectedness and usefulness of library digital resources and internet materials. Furthermore, it also suggests the need to develop information literacy strategies that recognise the gaps in information search skills and include them in the pre-university curriculum.
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