교대 근무자의 복지 향상 전략을 위한 인간공학적 모델개발
The Development of Ergonomic Model for Strategy to Improve the Shift Worker's Welfare
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이 연구의 목적은 교대근무자들의 정확한 복지수준을 평가하는 모델을 개발하여 교대근무자들의 복지향상을 위한 기초 자료를 제공하는 것이다. 연구 방법으로서 선행 연구와 문헌들의 조사를 통하여 교대근무에 영향을 미치는 요소들을 추출하고 2차에 걸친 전문가들의 평가를 거쳐, 5개의 주요소와 20개의 부요소를 계층적으로 구조화하였다. 구조화된 모형에 AHP를 적용하여 25명의 전문가들에 의해 평가분석 절차를 통하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 주요소의 중요도는 작업자의 건강(D) > 사회적 서비스(E) > 물리적 작업환경(A) > 인간공학적 설비 시스템(B) > 제도적 근무환경(C) 순으로 나타나 작업자의 건강에 대한 대책마련이 중요한 것으로 나타났다. 부요소들의 중요도는 금전적 보상(E1) > 작업장 설계(B4) > 수면(D2) > 적정근무 및 휴식시간(C2) > 환기시스템(A4) > 생리적 고려(D1) > 적정과업(C1) > 영양 프로그램(D4) > 소음(A1) > 운동 프로그램(D3) > 의료지원 프로그램(D5) > 기계(B3) > 유연한 근무 일정(C3) > 휴식 공간(E4) > 온습도(A2) > 조명(A3) > 교육 프로그램(E3) > 수송지원 프로그램(D2) > 재료의 취급과 보관(B1) > 수공구(B2)의 순으로 나타났다. 민감도 분석결과 각 요소들의 중요도를 변경하여도 기존의 우선순위에는 아무런 영향이 없는 것으로 나타났다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to provide basic data for the improvement of shift-workers welfare by developing a model to evaluate exact welfare levels of shift-workers. The factors which influence on the shift-work were selected through literature survey, and structured hierarchically with 5 main factors and 20 sub-factors through the evaluation performed by experts twice.Following results were obtained through the analysis and evaluation processes carried out by 25 experts. For the analysis and evaluation, AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) was applied to the structured model.Among main factors, worker's health (D) was considered most important, andthen, social services (E), physical environment (A), ergonomic hardware (B), work environment (C) were ranked in order of importance. Consequently, it is essential to figure for the health of workers.The order of importance of sub-factors is following: compensatory money (E1) > work area design (B4) > sleep (D2) > work and rest time (C2) > ventilation system (A4) > circadian considerations (D1) > proper task (C1) > nutrition (D4) > noise (A1) > exercise (D3) > medical assistant (D5) > machine (B3) > flexible work schedule (C3) > rest area (E4) > temperature and humidity (A2) > light (A3) > education (E3) > transport support (E2) > material handling (B1) > additional tools (B2)
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