Probiotics의 임상적 효능과 활용
The Clinical Effect and Use of Probiotics
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정장제로 잘 알려져 있던 probiotics가 위장관계, 면역계 등에 대한 다양한 효능이 있다고 밝혀지면서 최근 probiotics에 대한 관심이 증가하고 있다. Probiotics란 장내에 서식하며 숙주에게 여러 이로움을 주는 균주로 Lactobacillus와 Bifidobacteria가 주된 균주이다. 이미 임상에서 소아 설사, 여행자 설사 등의 급성 설사의 예방과 치료에 있어서는 probiotics가 많이 쓰여지고 있으며 항생제 유발 설사에도 효과가 좋은 것으로 입증되었다. 또한 과민성 대장증후군의 증상 개선, 미숙아 괴사성 장염의 예방, H.pylori에 대한 제균력 등에 대한 임상 결과들도 고무적이다. 특히 probiotics의 효능 중 관심이 집중되고 있는 것은, 아토피 질환의 증상을 호전 시키는 것과 산모에게 복용하게 하여 신생아의 아토피 질환 빈도가 감소하는 등의 면역계에 있어 probiotics의 역할이다. 그 외에도 백신 접종 후 항체 역가 상승, 질염, 비뇨기 감염의 예방과 치료, 염증성 장질환에 대한 효과, 항암 효과 등도 활용이 기대되는 부분이다. 앞으로, 부작용 없는 안전한 균주를 정량화하고 치료 용량이 되는 균 수를 표준화해야하며, 제품의 안전성 확보 등 많은 문제점이 있어 더욱 연구와 노력이 요구된다. Probiotics는 상대적으로 큰 부작용이 없는 약품이라는 점과 항알러지 작용 등의 효능으로 앞으로 임상에서 많은 분야에 걸쳐 활용 될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.
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