북한이탈주민의 질문지 응답 패턴에 대한 탐색연구: 리커트(Likert) 척도를 중심으로
An Exploratory Study of the North Korean Defectors’ Questionnaire Response Pattern: Focusing on Likert Scale
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초록
본 연구에서는 남북한의 분쟁과 갈등을 최소화 하는 통일과 현재 남한 내 북한이탈주민과 남한주민의 갈등을 줄이기 위해 북한이탈주민이 질문지에 응답하는 패턴 특징을 파악하려는데 목적을 두었다. 이를 위해 이들을 남한주민과 비교분석하는 방식을 취했다. 본 연구에 포함된 북한이탈주민은 88명이었고, 남한주민은 103명이었다. 분석에 사용된 변수는 긍정적 측면에서 생활만족도를, 부정적 측면에서 우울감을 선정하였다. 이들 변수에 대한 분석은 양 집단의 표준편차의 차이, 첨도의 차이, 극단 반응양식과 중간치 반응양식의 차이의 3 측면에서 이루어졌다. 연구 결과, 첫째, 양 집단의 표준편차의 차이는 유의미하게 나타났는데, 두 변수 모두에서 북한이탈주민의 표준편차가 남한주민에 비해 유의미하게 더 컸다. 이는 북한이탈주민의 반응에 대한 신뢰도를 저하시키는 것이었고, 이상 반응이 많았다는 것으로 볼 수 있다. 둘째, 두 변수 모두에서 첨도의 차이도 유의미하게 나타났는데, 남한주민과는 달리 북한이탈주민의 첨가첨도 기준 3점 이상인 일반 기준에 현저히 못 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 두 변수 모두에서 극단 반응양식이 남한주민에 비해서 북한이탈주민이 더 많았다. 이 3가지 결과를 놓고 볼 때, 북한이탈주민에 대한 질문지 연구에서 리커트척도를 사용할 때는 신뢰도를 더 향상시킬 수 있는 방안을 모색해야 한다
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to identify the North Korean defectors’ questionnaire response pattern. To do so, To do so, we compared the North Korean Defectors and South Koreans. The research participants are composed of the North Korean defectors(n=88) and the South Koreans(n=103). And we focused on the variables such as satisfaction with life and depression. What we analysed were standard deviations, kurtoses, and extreme response styles of the two groups. The result showed as follows. Firstly, North Korean defectors’ standard deviations of the two variables were wider than South Koreans’significantly. Secondly, North Korean defectors’ Kurtoses of the two variables were wider than South Koreans’s significantly. Finally, North Korean defectors’ extreme response styles of the two variables were wider than South Koreans’s significantly. Based on these results, it is necessary to consider a way to enhance the North Korean Defectors’ response credibility on the questionnaires using the Liker scale.
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