실내공기질 지표 이산화탄소 농도제어를 위한 흡착연구
Adsorption Study of IAQ Index CO2
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초록
본 연구는 실내공기질의 평가지표인 이산화탄소를 효과적으로 제어하기 위해, 활성탄소 나노섬유를 이용한 흡착·제어기술을 연구하고자 하였다. 연구는 PAN(Polyacrylonitrile) 전구체 용액을 사용한 전기방사(electrospinning) 방법으로 제조된 나노섬유를 고온에서 활성화하여 비표면적과 미세공 부피를 증가시켰다. 다음 단계로, 제조된 활성탄소 나노섬유 표면을 70% HNO3로 산화처리한 후, TEPA(tetraethylenepentamine)용액으로 함침시킴으로 섬유표면의 알칼리성을 증진시켰다. 일련의 조건으로 제조된 활성탄소 섬유들에 대한 이산화탄소(3000 ppm)의 흡착능을 평가하는 실험을 진행하였다. 활성화 시간（30분, 60분, 90분)이 길어질수록 섬유 표면의 비표면적과 총 세공부피가 증가하였는데, 섬유표면의 비표면적은 308.4 m2/g에서 839.4 m2/g으로 증가하였고, 총 세공부피는 7.882 cm3/g에서 27.50 cm3/g으로 증가하였다. TEPA 함침 할 경우, 미세공의 막힘으로 인해 활성탄소섬유의 비표면적과 세공부피가 크게 감소하였지만, HNO3 산화처리에 의해 아민량이 6.42%에서 17.19%로 증가한 결과, 이산화탄소 흡착능을 향상시킬 수 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 결론적으로, 활성탄소 섬유에 대한 60분간 활성화 과정과 HNO3와 TEPA 함침 처리 등의 일련의 과정을 거친 흡착제(60-ANF-HNO3-TEPA)의 저농도(0.3%) 이산화탄소(N2 가스와 혼합)의 흡착능이 가장 우수한 것으로 확인되었다. 이러한 결과는 실내공기 중 저농도 이산화탄소도 효율적으로 흡착·제어할 수 있는 기술로 활용될 수 있으리라 사료된다.
Abstract
In this study, electrospun nanofibers made of PAN (polyacrylonitrile) were activated through a physical method to obtain an optimized pore structure. In particular, to enhance the surface alkalinity, the activated carbon fibers (ANFs) were impregnated with tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) with the aid of HNO3. Then, the low level (3,000 ppm) CO2 adsorption capacity for each ANF sample was evaluated. The specific surface area of ANFs increased from 308.4 m2/g to 839.4 m2/g and the total pore volume increased from 7.882 cm3/g to 27.50 cm3/g. Although the TEPA impregnation reduced the specific surface area and pore volume of the ANFs due to blocking of micropores, the HNO3 pre-oxidation enhanced the amino groups tethered, increasing the amine content from 6.42% to 17.19%, and finally, increased the adsorption capacity of CO2. This study showed that the sample 60-ANF-HNO3-TEPA, which was activated for 60 minutes and was impregnated with HNO3 and TEPA, had the best adsorption capacity for low level (0.3%) CO2 (in a binary mixture with N2).
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