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예비 초인으로서 나폴레옹: 『운명의 남자』에 나타난 칼라일의 영웅

‘Would-be Superman’: Napoleon as Carlyle’s Hero in The Man of Destiny

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The Man of Destiny is Shaw’s first historical play dealing with one of military heroes in nineteenth century. The play seems to be the first step for coming superman for the ultimate aim of mankind’s evolution. For theatrical purposes, Shaw invented the episode of the letter and the encounter between Napoleon and the Strange lady to show the play’s historical origin. It seems that through The Man of Destiny, Shaw emphasizes the superman-like qualities which relate to the ingredients of the cosmopolitan prescription of a great military hero even though there are lots of negative sides of Napoleon’s heroic attributes. Naturally enough, Shaw’s cosmopolitanism related to his religion, creative evolution is most thoroughly manifested in some of his major dramatic works. The Man of Destiny is of varying worth and significance in spite of its slight plot and comic action. It is because Shaw’s views on the superman who has cosmopolitan perspective cannot be illustrated without reference to The Man of Destiny. The Man of Destiny, which justifies its own right of inclusion, is known as Shaw's direct answer to specific purpose for universal themes of humankind, a united society without war, conflict, destruction, and so on. The emphasis of this study is laid on revealing Shaw’s cosmopolitanism based on creative evolution for superman rather than on exploring the development of Shaw’s dramatic technique. Therefore, the topic of this essay has been analyzed in terms of comprehensive understanding of Shaw’s international cosmopolitanism in the context of the nineteenth century Europe.

Abstract

The Man of Destiny is Shaw’s first historical play dealing with one of military heroes in nineteenth century. The play seems to be the first step for coming superman for the ultimate aim of mankind’s evolution. For theatrical purposes, Shaw invented the episode of the letter and the encounter between Napoleon and the Strange lady to show the play’s historical origin. It seems that through The Man of Destiny, Shaw emphasizes the superman-like qualities which relate to the ingredients of the cosmopolitan prescription of a great military hero even though there are lots of negative sides of Napoleon’s heroic attributes. Naturally enough, Shaw’s cosmopolitanism related to his religion, creative evolution is most thoroughly manifested in some of his major dramatic works. The Man of Destiny is of varying worth and significance in spite of its slight plot and comic action. It is because Shaw’s views on the superman who has cosmopolitan perspective cannot be illustrated without reference to The Man of Destiny. The Man of Destiny, which justifies its own right of inclusion, is known as Shaw's direct answer to specific purpose for universal themes of humankind, a united society without war, conflict, destruction, and so on. The emphasis of this study is laid on revealing Shaw’s cosmopolitanism based on creative evolution for superman rather than on exploring the development of Shaw’s dramatic technique. Therefore, the topic of this essay has been analyzed in terms of comprehensive understanding of Shaw’s international cosmopolitanism in the context of the nineteenth century Europe.

참고문헌 (22)

  1. Berst, Charles, "Man of Destiny: Shaw, Napoleon, and the Theater of Life", Shaw: The Annual of Bernard Shaw Studies, 7, pp.85~117 (1987)
  2. Bohman, James, "The Public Spheres of the World Citizen, In Perpetual Peace: Essays on kant’s Cosmopolitan Ideal" (1997), MIT P
  3. Carpenter, Charles, "Bernard Shaw and the Art of Destroying Ideals" (1969), The U of Wisconsin P
  4. Evans, Judith, "The Politics and Plays of Bernard Shaw" (2003), McFarland & Co. Inc
  5. Gahan, Peter, "Shaw Shadows: Reading the Texts of Bernard Shaw" (2004), UP of Florida
  6. Henderson, Archibald, "Playboy and Prophet" (1932), Appleton-Century-Crofts
  7. Henderson, Archibald, "George Bernard Shaw: Man of the Century" (1956), Appleton-Century-Crofts
  8. Irvine, William, "The Universe of G.B.S" (1949), Constable&Co .Ltd
  9. Li, Kay, "Bernard Shaw and China: Cross-Cultural Encounters" (2007), UP of Florida
  10. Meyer-Dinkgraife, "Daniel" (2007), Cambridge Scholar P
  11. Pugh, Patricia, "Bernard Shaw, Imperialist", The Annual of Bernard Shaw Studies, 28, pp.97~118 (2008)
  12. Shaw, Bernard, "Our Theatres in the Ninetieth, 1" (1931), Constable & Co. Ltd
  13. Shaw, Bernard, "Our Theatres in the Ninetieth, 3" (1931), Constable & Co. Ltd
  14. Shaw, Bernard, "Major Critical Essays" (1932), Constable & Co .Ltd
  15. Shaw, Bernard, "Plays Pleasant" (1946), Penguin Books
  16. Shaw, Bernard, "Collected Letters1874-1897" (1965), Max Reinhardt
  17. Shaw, Bernard, "The Bodley Head Bernard Shaw: Collected Plays with Their Prefaces, 1" (1970), Max Reinhardt
  18. Shaw, Bernard, "The Bodley Head Bernard Shaw: Collected Plays with Their Prefaces, 2" (1971), Max Reinhardt
  19. Shaw, Bernard, "Collected Letters1898-1910" (1972), Max Reinhardt
  20. Roy, R. N., "Shaw’s Historical Plays" (1976), Macmillan
  21. Valency, Maurice, "The Cart and The Triumph" (1973), The Oxford UP
  22. Zorn, Christa, "Cosmopolitan Shaw and the Transformation of the Public Sphere", The Annual of Bernard Shaw Studies, 28, pp.188~189 (2008)

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