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수면이 노인 우울에 미치는 영향

The Effect of Sleep on Depression Among Older Adults

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초록

본 연구는 수면을 통해 노년기 우울을 예측할 수 있는지 살펴보고, 수면요소 중 어떤 것이 우울을 가장 잘 예측하는지 파악하고자 하였다. 본 연구는 “한국인의 사회적 삶, 건강한 노화 프로젝트(Korea Social Life, Health and Aging Project, KSHAP)”에 참여한 K지역 노인들의4년차 자료를 사용해 위계적 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 그 결과, 인구통계학적, 건강상태 변수들을 통제하고서도 수면이 우울을 유의하게 설명하였다(R2 =.34, ΔR2 =.07, F(20, 543)=14.05, p<.001). 수면변수 중 수면 중 호흡 불편(β=.09, p<.05), 악몽(β=.10, p<.05), 낮은 수면의질(β=.12, p<.01)과 집중 어려움(β=.19, p<.001)이 우울증상을 유의하게 예측해 주는 것으로 나타났으며, 이 변수들은 서로 유의한 상관을 나타냈다. 이를 통해 수면의 문제 자체가 우울에 독립적으로 영향을 미치는 것을 확인하였고, 여러 수면문제 변수들이 상호작용하며 우울에 영향을 미친다는 것을 추측해 볼 수 있다. 때문에 구체적인 수면문제를 파악하여 전반적인 수면의 질을 높이는 것이 우울증상을 예방하는 데 중요한 역할을 할 것으로 사료된다.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of sleep on depression among older adults and to determine which sleep variables best explain depression. The data for this study were from the fourth wave of the Korean Social Life, Health and Aging Project (KSHAP). A hierarchical regression analysis was conducted to determine whether sleep variables, such as sleep latency, sleep quality, and nightmares could predict depression after controlling for demographic and health status variables. The results indicated that, similar to the hypotheses, some sleep variables predict depression, even after controlling other variables (R2=.34, ΔR2=.07, F(20, 543)=14.05, p<.001). Specifically, breathing discomfort (β=.09, p<.05), nightmares (β=.10, p<.05), low sleep quality (β=.12, p<.01), and difficulty of concentration (β=.19, p<.001) predict depression significantly, and their correlations were also significant. These findings suggest that various sleep problems interact with each other. Therefore, increasing general sleep quality would aid in the prevention of depression among older adults by examining the sleep problems in detail.

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