乾隆 연간 金川戰役의 사후 처리와 淸朝의 ‘邊境平定’
Making “Pacified” Borderlands — Qing’s administrative and Religious Reforms after Two Jinchuan Campaigns —
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The Jinchuan region, a borderland between the Qing dynasty and Tibet, underwent ‘pacification’ during the Qianlong regime in the mid-18th century. Influenced by both Qing and Tibetan centers, the region maintained a distinct and heterogeneous character. Through two military campaigns, Jinchuan was integrated into the Qing domain, resulting in subsequent administrative and religious reforms by the Qing government to declare the region’s official subjugation. However, despite the Qing’s attempts to reorganize the local society, Jinchuan managed to preserve its unique features that set it apart from the China proper. Its administrative district became under the authority of a commander but comprised several zones allocated separately to Han Chinese and indigenous populations. Additionally, Jinchuan's religious practices underwent a significant transformation, aligning with the Qing’s Bejing- centered Dge lugs pa system, distancing itself from that of central Tibet. This study aims to analyze the Qing government's reorganization attempts on Jinchuan and its ramifications not only for Jinchuan’s local history but also for Qing’s border history.
Abstract
The Jinchuan region, a borderland between the Qing dynasty and Tibet, underwent ‘pacification’ during the Qianlong regime in the mid-18th century. Influenced by both Qing and Tibetan centers, the region maintained a distinct and heterogeneous character. Through two military campaigns, Jinchuan was integrated into the Qing domain, resulting in subsequent administrative and religious reforms by the Qing government to declare the region’s official subjugation. However, despite the Qing’s attempts to reorganize the local society, Jinchuan managed to preserve its unique features that set it apart from the China proper. Its administrative district became under the authority of a commander but comprised several zones allocated separately to Han Chinese and indigenous populations. Additionally, Jinchuan's religious practices underwent a significant transformation, aligning with the Qing’s Bejing- centered Dge lugs pa system, distancing itself from that of central Tibet. This study aims to analyze the Qing government's reorganization attempts on Jinchuan and its ramifications not only for Jinchuan’s local history but also for Qing’s border history.
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