Analysis of Trends in Research on Setting an Inclusive Environment for Disabled & Non-disabled People -Focusing on the Research Cases for Disabilities in Korea-

Abstract

(Background and Purpose) If the design of the industrial era was oriented toward ‘design for the average as a standard’, Universal design aims to ‘design for all’. Inclusive education also has a goal of reducing secondary problems arising from disability such as lack of social skills and consequently maintaining a sustainable life in society. This is directly related to the interest in 'Inclusive Environmental Setting'. Therefore, this study analyzes research cases and will be helpful for future research. (Method) Papers searched for by related keywords through data from RISS from 2007 to 2021 are targeted. 5 categories of keywords were searched for were as follows. <Developmental disability(DD) type+Space and design>, <Special education type+Space and design>, <DD type+Research topic(universal design, inclusive education)>, <Special education type+Research topic> and <Research topic related single keyword, and only papers related to space, environment, and design> were selected for a total of 151 studies. After that, the research trends and characteristics were analyzed in three ways: research topic, purpose, and method, and cross-analysis was conducted to understand the interrelationship. (Results) Analysis by research topic was divided into two main areas: research subjects and intervention of special education areas. The study subjects were mainly research on the special education treatment methods. In the case of space construction research, it was judged that the research on setting an inclusive environment was still insufficient because most of the research on space construction was focused on special spaces such as medical care and treatment space. In the analysis of the intervention area, studies on physical problems accounted for the highest proportion in other disability studies, whereas studies on mental and behavioral aspects were analyzed the most in developmental disability studies. This is due to the characteristics of developmental disabilities. In terms of the research purpose, there were overwhelmingly many studies in the functional dimension. This is because experimental researches in a separate environment for special education are the most. When correlation is analyzed through cross-analysis, research on isolation environment for only the disabled is the mainstream, But spatial construct researches are approached with various dimensions of functional purpose, expansive purpose, and value purpose and relatively evenly distributed. And in terms of research methods, it can be seen that literature studies, experimental studies, research studies, and design proposal studies are evenly distributed. (Conclusions) Research on setting an inclusive environment for developmental disabilities shows still insufficient in term of research subject, purpose and method. However, it was confirmed that a variety of approaches are being taken in spatial construction research, and it can be expected that it will be expanded in stages for inclusive environment to broaden the scope of research on inclusive environment construction.