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불교 상담 기반의 챗봇 개발을 위한 기초 연구 - 청정마음봇 구현을 위한 기초 설계 및 개선사항 도출 -

A Preliminary Study for the Development of a Buddhist Counseling-Based Chatbot - Preliminary Design and Identification of Improvements for the Implementation of Cheongjeongmaeumbot -

김명준
한국불교학회 (The Korean Association For Buddhist Studies)|2024.11|한국불교학 (The Journal of the Korean Association for Buddhist Studies)|제112호|pp. 77-119

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키워드

인공지능챗봇Chatbot감정분석심리치료Psychotherapy딥러닝Deep LearningArtificial Intelligence (AI)Sentiment Analysis불교상담Buddhist Counseling오장애The Five Hindrances
주제분류종교학

초록

본 연구는 인공지능 기반 불교 상담 챗봇 즉 청정마음봇의 초기 설계를 통해 내담자 경험을 분석하여, 불교 상담 챗봇의 운용 가능성과 추후 개선사항을 알아보는데 있다. 이를 위하여 연구는 첫째, 청정마음봇이 불교 상담 챗봇으로 기능하기 위한 자료를 구성하고 둘째, 연구 참여자를 모집하여 챗봇을 실제 운영하고 그 경험에 대한 피드백을 받았다. 청정마음봇을 개발하기 위한 절차는 상담 시나리오, 번뇌 진단과 솔루션 제공을 위한 자료 구성 순서로 이루어졌다. 불교 상담 프로세스 구성은 기존의 고집멸도 상담 프로세스를 기반으로 두되 챗봇이라는 새로운 환경과 챗봇을 통해 문제를 해결하고자 하는 내담자의 특수성을 고려하여 즉각적이고 신속한 상담을 진행할 수 있도록 진단과 솔루션에 해당하는 고와 도 단계 위주로 구성하였다. 번뇌 진단을 위한 자료는 다섯 가지 번뇌를 기반으로 구성하였다. 청정마음봇은 일상적인 수준에서 일어나는 번뇌를 진단하고 줄이는데 초점을 두었다. 이를 위해 다섯 가지 번뇌를 경전과 선행 연구들을 토대로 16가지 번뇌로 세분화하였다. 번뇌 제거 작업은 불교를 응용한 현대 상담심리에서 사용되는 기법들을 기반으로 구성하였다. 번뇌 제거 작업은 총 20가지로 설정되었다. 내담자의 경험에 대한 평가 결과 청정마음봇의 활용 가능성과 추후개선사항을 확인하였다. 추후개선사항은 첫째, 번뇌를 진단하기 위한 기준 마련 둘째, 챗봇이라는 새롭고 특수한 환경에서 내담자에게 솔루션 진행 방식에 대한 고찰 셋째, 앞선 두 자료를 통합한 상담 프로세스 구성 및 활용 가능한 불교 상담 챗봇의 구현이다.

Abstract

This study aims to explore the feasibility and potential improvements of an AI-based Buddhist counseling chatbot, called Cheongjeongmaeumbot, through an analysis of client experiences during its initial design phase. To achieve this, the study first compiled materials necessary for the chatbot to function as a Buddhist counseling tool and then recruited participants to interact with the chatbot, collecting feedback on their experiences. The development process of Cheongjeongmaeumbot involved constructing a counseling scenario and organizing materials for diagnosing defilements and providing solutions. The Buddhist counseling process was based on the traditional Four Noble Truths counseling model but was adapted to fit the unique environment of a chatbot and the specificity of clients seeking to resolve issues through immediate and efficient consultation. The focus was placed primarily on the diagnostic (dukkha) and solution (magga) stages. The diagnostic materials were organized around five primary defilements. Cheongjeongmaeumbot aims to identify and reduce common defilements at a general level, refining the five categories into 16 defilements based on scriptures and previous studies applying defilements to counseling. The defilement removal techniques were developed using contemporary counseling psychology techniques inspired by Buddhist principles, with a total of 20 techniques established. The evaluation of client experiences confirmed the feasibility of Cheongjeongmaeumbot and identified areas for improvement. The recommended improvements include: 1) establishing clear criteria for diagnosing defilements; 2) exploring methods for solution delivery in the unique chatbot environment; and 3) integrating these elements into a cohesive counseling process for a practical Buddhist counseling chatbot.

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