본문 바로가기
KERD
논문KCI 등재

The Role of Laity in Rebuilding Buddhist Devotional and Material Culture in the Late Joseon

이승혜
한국학중앙연구원 (The Academy of Korean Studies)|2022|Korea Journal|제62권 제2호|pp. 63-101|DOI 10.25024/kj.2022.62.2.63

0

조회

0

다운로드

1

인용

0

참고문헌

키워드

material culturePure Land Buddhismpatronagedevotional practiceKorean Buddhist paintingslay Buddhismlate Joseon Buddhismroyal votive monastery
주제분류한국어와문학

초록

Through a case study of Bogwangsa, this article examines the active role played by laity in rebuilding the devotional and material culture of Buddhism in the final decades of the Joseon dynasty. While the monastic community of this royal votive monastery reached out to the laity to ensure its institutional survival, lay devotees made changes to the physical structure and cultic practices at the monastery, heralding new developments soon to follow in the greater capital area. This study probes the questions of why the monastery was patronized by lay devotees of varied social standings and motivations as well as what benefits, religious and secular, they gained as a result. The study pursues this inquiry through an analysis of the networks of followers and their patronage of “Buddhist projects” (bulsa)—from the construction of worship halls and the publication of Pure Land texts to the dedication of Buddhist paintings—centering around Bogwangsa. While influential male members of King Gojong’s court sponsored the monastery in order to endorse the legitimacy of the monarch, male lay devotees of the “middle” (jungin) class and female court members—who were limited by the status system or gender norms— found in this monastery a place of their own in a society dominated by male Confucian elites. This study restores the role of lay Buddhists, little-explored in previous studies, in the revitalization of Buddhism in 19th-century Joseon society, while enriching our understanding of Buddhist devotionalism.

Abstract

Through a case study of Bogwangsa, this article examines the active role played by laity in rebuilding the devotional and material culture of Buddhism in the final decades of the Joseon dynasty. While the monastic community of this royal votive monastery reached out to the laity to ensure its institutional survival, lay devotees made changes to the physical structure and cultic practices at the monastery, heralding new developments soon to follow in the greater capital area. This study probes the questions of why the monastery was patronized by lay devotees of varied social standings and motivations as well as what benefits, religious and secular, they gained as a result. The study pursues this inquiry through an analysis of the networks of followers and their patronage of “Buddhist projects” (bulsa)—from the construction of worship halls and the publication of Pure Land texts to the dedication of Buddhist paintings—centering around Bogwangsa. While influential male members of King Gojong’s court sponsored the monastery in order to endorse the legitimacy of the monarch, male lay devotees of the “middle” (jungin) class and female court members—who were limited by the status system or gender norms— found in this monastery a place of their own in a society dominated by male Confucian elites. This study restores the role of lay Buddhists, little-explored in previous studies, in the revitalization of Buddhism in 19th-century Joseon society, while enriching our understanding of Buddhist devotionalism.

참고문헌 (50)

  1. "Records of the Border Defense Council"[URL]
  2. "Avalokiteśvara Bodhisattva’s Mysterious Manifestation and Immortal Teachings to Save Sentient Beings"[URL]
  3. "Daily Record of the Grand Secretariat"[URL]
  4. "Veritable Records of King Yeongjo"[URL]
  5. 돈 베이커, "Privatization of Buddhism in the Choson Dynasty", Sungkyun Journal of East Asian Studies, 14(2), pp.153~169 (2014), 동아시아학술원[DOI]
  6. Buddhist Relics of Korea: Incheon Metropolitan City and Gyeonggi-do Province Vol. 2, "CHA", CHA and RIBCH, ~ (2012)
  7. Buddhist Relics of Korea: Research Report of Incheon Metropolitan City and Gyeonggi-do Province, "CHA", CHA and RIBCH, ~ (2012)
  8. Cho, Eunsu, "Re-thinking Late 19th Century Chosŏn Buddhist Society", Acta Koreana, 6(2), pp.87~109 (2003)
  9. Choi, Yeob, "A Study of Modern Korean Buddhist Paintings", 박사, pp.2012
  10. 최엽, "통도사 백련암의 <아미타여래도>와 萬日會", 불교미술사학, 19, pp.143~170 (2015), 불교미술사학회
  11. 최엽, "한국 근대기 사찰벽화의 전통성과 신경향", 미술사학연구, 292(292), pp.111~134 (2016), 한국미술사학회[DOI]
  12. 최엽, "스위스 소재 파주 보광사 수구암 후불도 연구", 美術史論壇, (48), pp.91~112 (2019), 한국미술연구소[DOI]
  13. Eckardt, Andre, "A History of Korean Art" (1929), Edward Goldston
  14. Gogyeong, "Collection of Votive Inscriptions of Korean Buddhist Paintings" (2011), Sungbo munhwajae yeonguwon
  15. Gwon, Sangno, "Complete Records of Korean Buddhist Temples Vol. 1" (1979), Dongguk daehakgyo chulpanbu
  16. Cultural Properties Designated by Gyeonggi-do Province: A Survey Report: Hall of the Great Hero at Bogwangsa, "Gyeonggi-do Paju-si", Gyeonggi-do Paju-si, ~ (2010)
  17. Han, Bogwang, "A Study on the Faith-Based Society: Practice and Theory of the Tenthousand-day Buddha Recitation Assembly" (2000), Yeoraejang
  18. Han, Sanggil, "Buddhism of Late Joseon and Temple Fraternities" (2006), Gyeongin munhwasa
  19. Han, Yongun, "Treaties on the Restoration of Korean Buddhism" (1913), Boseong seogwan
  20. Hangukak jungang yeonguwon, "Collection of Materials on Sukbin née Choe Vol. 1" (2009), Hangukak jungang yeonguwon Jangseogak
  21. Hwang, Geumsun, "Characteristics of the Avalokiteśvara Paintings in the Late Joseon Period", Journal of Buddhist Art History, 8, pp.73~110 (2009)
  22. Hwang, Ingyu, "History and Status of Bogwangsa, Paju", Maha Bodhi Thought, 12, pp.9~65 (2009)
  23. Hwangong Chijo, "Collection of Clear Jewels" (2020), Dongguk daehakgyo chulpanbu
  24. Jeong, Yeongho, "Festschrift in Honor of Dr. Hyeam Yu Hongryeol on the Occasion of His Sixty-first Birthday", pp.528~548 (1971), Tamgudang
  25. Kim, Jihyun, "Enlightenment on the Spirit-Altar: Eschatology and Restoration of Morality at the King Kwan Shrine in Fin de siècle Seoul", Religions, 11(6), pp.273~ (2020)[DOI]
  26. 김지연, "朝鮮後期 般若龍船圖 硏究", 미술사학연구, 281(281), pp.97~133 (2014), 한국미술사학회[DOI]
  27. Kim, Jiyoung, "Fertility and Childbirth among Royal Women in Nineteenth-Century Korea", Asia Pacific Perspectives, 12(1), pp.84~108 (2013)
  28. Kim, Seongdo, "The Large Chamber of Korean Buddhist Monasteries" (2007), Goryeo
  29. Sujung Kim, "Skanda, The Multifaceted God: Skanda in Korean Buddhism and Beyond", 불교학연구, 66, pp.51~96 (2021), 불교학연구회[DOI]
  30. Kim Sung-Eun Thomas, "The Chosŏn Gentry Sponsorship of Buddhist Temple Works: Insights from the Records of Late-Chosŏn Donor Ledgers", Journal of Korean Religions, 11(2), pp.45~73 (2020), 종교연구소[DOI]
  31. 김성순, "조선후기 염불결사의 수행문화 고찰 : 재가자의 참여에 따른 영향을 중심으로", 정토학연구(淨土學硏究), (32), pp.245~269 (2019), 한국정토학회[DOI]
  32. Lee, Jong-su, "Buddhist Practice in the Late Joseon Period: The Three Gates Discipline", 박사, pp.2010
  33. 이종수, "The Establishment of Buddhist Cultivation Centers in Late Joseon Korea", Korea Journal, 62(2), pp.31~62 (2022), 한국학중앙연구원[DOI]
  34. Lee, Jung-joo, "Prince Yi Ha-eung’s Patronage of Buddhism and Its Political Implications", History and Discourse, 73, pp.285~316 (2015)
  35. 이승혜, "Aspirations for the Pure Land Embodied in a Modern Korean Temple, Anyang’am", Acta Koreana, 22(1), pp.35~59 (2019), 한국학연구원[DOI]
  36. 이승혜, "Prayers for Divine Protection: The Temple God (1885) of Heungcheonsa Temple and the Cult of Guan Yu", Korea Journal, 60(2), pp.180~218 (2020), 한국학중앙연구원[DOI]
  37. Lee, Seunghye, "The Material Culture of Buddhist Propagation: Reinstating Buddhism in Early Colonial Seoul", Religions, 12(5), pp.352~ (2021)[DOI]
  38. 이용윤, "화계사 <천수천안관음보살변상도>에 반영된 19세기 불교의 신경향", 불교미술사학, 32, pp.179~205 (2021), 불교미술사학회
  39. McBride, Richard D, "Aspiring to Enlightenment: Pure Land Buddhism in Silla Korea" (2020), University of Hawaiʻi Press
  40. 박소연, "19세기 후반 서울지역 신앙결사 활동과 그 의미 : 불교·도교 결사를 중심으로", 한국근현대사연구, (80), pp.7~40 (2017), 한국근현대사학회
  41. Ryu, Kyunghee, "Buddhist Painting Sponsored by Empress Eom during the Reign of King Gojong", National Museum of Korea Art Journal, 86, pp.111~136 (2014)
  42. Ryu, Kyunghee, "A Study on the Buddhist Paintings Dedicated by the Royal House during the Late Joseon", 박사, pp.2015
  43. Seo, Sujung, "A Study on the Publication of Buddhist Books and Yu Seongjong’s Catalogue of Books in the Deoksindang Collection in 19th-Century Joseon", 박사, pp.2016
  44. 서수정, "19세기 후반 결사단체의 佛書 編刊 배경", 한국불교사연구, (11), pp.298~330 (2017), 한국불교사학회 한국불교사연구소
  45. Sohn, Shinyoung, "A Study on Buddhist Architecture of the 19th Century: Seoul and Gyeonggi Province", 박사, pp.2007
  46. 탁효정, "『廟殿宮陵園墓造泡寺調』를 통해 본 조선후기 능침사의 실태", 조선시대사학보, (61), pp.195~229 (2012), 조선시대사학회[DOI]
  47. Tak, Hyojeong, "Management of Monasteries Affiliated with the Tomb Monasteries in the Late Joseon: Focusing on the Case of Mihwangsa for the Three Tombs of Paju", Journal for Namdo Culture, 40, pp.137~167 (2020)
  48. Walraven, Boudewijn, "Religion and the City: Seoul in the Nineteenth Century", Review of Korean Studies, 3(1), pp.178~206 (2000)
  49. Walraven, Boudewijn, "A Re-Examination of the Social Basis of Buddhism in Late Chosŏn Korea", Seoul Journal of Korean Studies, 20(1), pp.1~20 (2007), 규장각한국학연구원
  50. Walraven, Boudewijn, "Korean Buddhist Practice as Seen in a Nineteenth-Century Rosary Print", Eastern Buddhist, 48(2), pp.93~122 (2020)

관련 논문AI추천

Aspirations for the Pure Land Embodied in a Modern Korean Temple, Anyang’am이승혜한국학연구원 · Acta Koreana2019 · 제22권 제1호Social Stigmas of Buddhist Monastics and the Lack of Lay Buddhist Leadership in Colonial Korea (1910–1945)김환수한국학중앙연구원 · Korea Journal2014 · 제54권 제1호Restoration and Legitimacy of the Bhiksu Precept Lineages in the Late Joseon이자랑한국학중앙연구원 · Korea Journal2022 · 제62권 제2호ENGAGING THE URBAN BUDDHIST LAITY: THE ‘BUDDHIST SOLIDARITY FOR REFORM’ ORGANIZATION IN SOUTH KOREAsantosh k. gupta한국학연구원 · Acta Koreana2017 · 제20권 제2호Buddhist Nuns in Confucian Joseon Society정지영한국학중앙연구원 · The Review of Korean Studies2008 · 제11권 제4호Changes in Seventeenth-Century Korean Buddhism and the Establishment of the Buddhist Tradition in the Late Chosŏn Dynasty김용태한국학연구원 · Acta Koreana2013 · 제16권 제2호

이 간행물의 다른 논문 (9건)

[On this topic] The Formation of Late Joseon Buddhism: Focusing on the Institutional and Socio-cultural Establishment김성은pp. 5-30The Establishment of Buddhist Cultivation Centers in Late Joseon Korea이종수pp. 31-62Restoration and Legitimacy of the Bhiksu Precept Lineages in the Late Joseon이자랑pp. 102-123Reading Yi Kwangsu’s The Heartless in the Context of Benefit Concerts around 1910조윤정pp. 124-151Fan Fervor and Older Populations in South Korea: Devotees of YouTube Star Beodeuri이해수, 원용진, 방희경pp. 152-182
원문 보기