영화 ‘사막의 라이언’에 나타난 리비아 베르베르족의 독립투쟁과 이탈리아의 식민정책

Abstract

Analyzing backgrounds for Islamic democracy and democratization of Libya and Egypt after the case of Tunisia, we can see that this kind of democracy can spread in the Arab countries. Especially the dictatorship of Muammar al-Gaddafi is over by the deeper Occidental engagement in Libya. He is a revolutionary and politician who ‘de facto’ruled Libya that achieved independence from Italian colonial rule. Lion of the Desert is a 1981 Libyan historical action film starring Anthony Quinn as Libyan tribal leader Omar al-Mukhtar, a Bedouin leader fighting the Italian army in the years leading up to World War II and Oliver Reed as Italian General Rodolfo Graziani, who attempted to defeat Mukhtar. It was directed by Moustapha Akkad and funded by the government under Gaddafi. When Omar al-Mukhtar was in intense activity, Italy felt the significance of the Area of the Mediterranean: during occupation Italy brougt three-fourths of imports, specially, 98% of petroleum through the Mediterranean. So it was strategically important to ensure and secure the mediterranean route of trading for the national interest of Italy. This paper starts to study the Italian Policy during the occupation of Libya connecting the activities of Omar al-Mukhtar who belonged to Sanusi, that fighted against Italian occupation. And it searches the graft between Sufi and Berbers in pursuance of the propagation of Islams in North-africa. Finally we conclude how Sufi's denomination fights foreign intrusion analysing the Italian colonial policy toward Libya.