HIV-related Perceptions, Knowledge, Professional Ethics, Institutional Support, and HIV/AIDS-related Stigma in Health Services in West Sumatra, Indonesia: An Empirical Evaluation Using PLS-SEM
1
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the significance of associations between knowledge, professional ethics, institutional support, perceptions regarding HIV/AIDS, and HIV/AIDS-related stigma among health workers in West Sumatra, Indonesia.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study involving health workers at public hospitals and health centers in West Sumatra in June 2022. The Health Care Provider HIV/AIDS Stigma Scale was employed to assess the stigma associated with HIV/AIDS. To estimate and evaluate the model’s ability to explain the proposed constructs, we utilized the standardized partial least squares structural equation model (PLS-SEM).Results: In total, 283 individuals participated in this study (average age, 39 years). The majority were female (91.2%), nearly half were nurses (49.5%), and 59.4% had been working for more than 10 years. The study revealed that HIV/AIDS-related stigma persisted among health workers. The PLS-SEM results indicated that all latent variables had variance inflation factors below 5, confirming that they could be retained in the model. Knowledge and professional ethics significantly contributed to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related stigma, with an effect size (f²) of 0.15 or greater. In contrast, perceived and institutional support had a smaller impact on HIV-related stigma, with an effect size (f²) of at least 0.02. The R 2 value for health worker stigma was 0.408, suggesting that knowledge, professional ethics, institutional support, and perceived support collectively explain 40.8% of the variance in stigma.Conclusions: Improving health workers’ understanding of HIV, fostering professional ethics, and strengthening institutional support are essential for reducing HIV-related stigma in this population.
Abstract
Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the significance of associations between knowledge, professional ethics, institutional support, perceptions regarding HIV/AIDS, and HIV/AIDS-related stigma among health workers in West Sumatra, Indonesia.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study involving health workers at public hospitals and health centers in West Sumatra in June 2022. The Health Care Provider HIV/AIDS Stigma Scale was employed to assess the stigma associated with HIV/AIDS. To estimate and evaluate the model’s ability to explain the proposed constructs, we utilized the standardized partial least squares structural equation model (PLS-SEM).Results: In total, 283 individuals participated in this study (average age, 39 years). The majority were female (91.2%), nearly half were nurses (49.5%), and 59.4% had been working for more than 10 years. The study revealed that HIV/AIDS-related stigma persisted among health workers. The PLS-SEM results indicated that all latent variables had variance inflation factors below 5, confirming that they could be retained in the model. Knowledge and professional ethics significantly contributed to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related stigma, with an effect size (f²) of 0.15 or greater. In contrast, perceived and institutional support had a smaller impact on HIV-related stigma, with an effect size (f²) of at least 0.02. The R 2 value for health worker stigma was 0.408, suggesting that knowledge, professional ethics, institutional support, and perceived support collectively explain 40.8% of the variance in stigma.Conclusions: Improving health workers’ understanding of HIV, fostering professional ethics, and strengthening institutional support are essential for reducing HIV-related stigma in this population.
참고문헌 (31)
- "Reducing HIV stigma and discrimination: a critical part of national AIDS programmes: a resource for national stakeholders in the HIV response" (2007)[URL]
- Hafeez H, "Health care disparities among lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender youth : a literature review", Cureus, 9(4), pp.e1184~ (2017)[DOI]
- Chen WT, "Nurses’ knowledge, attitudes, and practice related to HIV transmission in northeastern China", AIDS Patient Care STDS, 18(7), pp.417~422 (2004)[DOI]
- "AIDS epidemic update" (2006)[URL]
- "Global report: UNAIDS report on the global AIDS epidemic" (2013)[URL]
- Rao D, "A systematic review of multi-level stigma interventions : state of the science and future directions", BMC Med, 17(1), pp.41~ (2019)[DOI]
- Stringer KL, "HIV-related stigma among healthcare providers in the Deep South", AIDS Behav, 20(1), pp.115~125 (2016)[DOI]
- Dijker AJ, "Extending Weiner’s attribution-emotion model of stigmatization of ill persons", Basic Appl Soc Psychol, 25(1), pp.51~68 (2003)[DOI]
- Bos AE, "Reducing AIDS-related stigma in developing countries : the importance of theory-and evidence-based interventions", Psychol Health Med, 13(4), pp.450~460 (2008)[DOI]
- Fauk NK, "HIV stigma and discrimination : perspectives and personal experiences of healthcare providers in Yogyakarta and Belu, Indonesia", Front Med(Lausanne), 8, pp.625787~ (2021)[DOI]
- Huang J, "Social distance mediates the association between fear of infection and better-off-dead beliefs about people living with HIV", J Int Med Res, 48(3), pp.300060519890819~ (2020)[DOI]
- "Medical ethics manual 3rd edition" (2015)[URL]
- Desai MK, "Medical professionalism and ethics", J Pharmacol Pharmacother, 13(2), pp.113~118 (2022)[DOI]
- Goldin CS, "Stigmatization and AIDS : critical issues in public health", Soc Sci Med, 39(9), pp.1359~1366 (1994)[DOI]
- Malcolm A, "HIV-related stigmatization and discrimination : its forms and contexts", Crit Public Health, 8(4), pp.347~370 (1998)[DOI]
- Cameron E, "The deafening silence of AIDS", Health Hum Rights, 5(1), pp.7~24 (2000)[DOI]
- "Report on the global HIV/AIDS epidemic-June 2000" (2000)[URL]
- AIDS-related stigma and discrimination in the health sector, "Understanding and responding to HIV", pp.2003, Foreman M
- Feyissa GT, "Stigma and discrimination against people living with HIV by healthcare providers, Southwest Ethiopia", BMC Public Health, 12, pp.522~ (2012)[DOI]
- Hair Jr JF, "A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling(PLS-SEM)", Los Angeles : SAGE Publications; (2017)
- Sarstedt M, "Partial least squares structural equation modeling", pp.1~40 (2017), Springer
- Wagner AC, "Health care provider attitudes and beliefs about people living with HIV : initial validation of the health care provider HIV", AIDS Stigma Scale(HPASS), 2014, pp.18(12), 2397~2408
- Latifa A, "The role of harmonious society in reducing the stigma and discrimination against people living with HIV AIDS", J Kependudukan Indones, 6(2), pp.51~76 (2011)
- Sadarang RA, "Prevalence and factors affecting discrimination towards people living with HIV", AIDS in Indonesia, 2022, pp.55(2), 205~212
- Mahamboro DB, "HIV stigma and moral judgement : qualitative exploration of the experiences of hiv stigma and discrimination among married men living with HIV in Yogyakarta", Int J Environ Res Public Health, 17(2), pp.636~ (2020)[DOI]
- Ahmadi K, "Professionalisation and social attitudes : a protocol for measuring changes in HIV", AIDS-related stigma among healthcare students, 2013, pp.3(5), e002755~
- Waluyo A, "Understanding HIV-related stigma among Indonesian nurses", J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care, 26(1), pp.69~80 (2015)[DOI]
- Harapan H, "HIV-related stigma and discrimination : a study of health care workers in Banda Aceh, Indonesia", Med J Indones, 22(1), pp.22~29 (2013)[DOI]
- O’Neill A, "NHS Lothian accountability workbook", pp.7~ (2014)
- Andrewin A, "Stigmatization of patients with HIV", AIDS among doctors and nurses in Belize, 2008, pp.22(11), 897~906
- Li L, "HIV-related stigma in health care settings : a survey of service providers in China", AIDS Patient Care STDS, 21(10), pp.753~762 (2007)[DOI]