시베리아 축치족 창조신화의 양상과 구조 연구
A Study on the Aspects and Structure of Creation Myth of the Chukchi in Siberia
0
조회
0
다운로드
2
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
A Study on the Aspects and Structure of Creation Myth of the Chukchi in Siberia Kwak, Jin-Seok Creation myths of the Chukchi tribe come in various versions according to the agents, objects and materials of the creation. The agents of creation are usually <the Creator>, ‘tenantomny’, and ‘raven’, and the objects of creation are the world, human beings and animals. And the materials of creation are usually clay, dust, a variety of woods, grasses and excrement. Basic narrative structure of the Chukchi creation myths is [beginning situation → mediation → end situation]. The beginning situation is ‘chaos’ including ‘darkness’, ‘not existing’, ‘few’, and the end situation is ‘order’ including ‘brightness’, ‘existing’, ‘many’. In this case, it is the mediation which converts the chaos into order. The world-view of the Chukchi is reflected in these creation myths. First, animals are anthropomorphized. Second, all things are considered animated. Third, they worship ‘va′irgit’, the supernational being beneficial for nature. Fourth, spirits of the directions reside in each four directions, among which east, west, and south are favorable directions while north is a harmful direction for humans. Fifth, the universe is symmetrically comprised of 3 worlds, ‘world above the sky’, ‘world above the earth’, and ‘world under the earth’. Sixth, кele is an evil spirit which steals the sun in the Chukchi creation myths.
Abstract
A Study on the Aspects and Structure of Creation Myth of the Chukchi in Siberia Kwak, Jin-Seok Creation myths of the Chukchi tribe come in various versions according to the agents, objects and materials of the creation. The agents of creation are usually <the Creator>, ‘tenantomny’, and ‘raven’, and the objects of creation are the world, human beings and animals. And the materials of creation are usually clay, dust, a variety of woods, grasses and excrement. Basic narrative structure of the Chukchi creation myths is [beginning situation → mediation → end situation]. The beginning situation is ‘chaos’ including ‘darkness’, ‘not existing’, ‘few’, and the end situation is ‘order’ including ‘brightness’, ‘existing’, ‘many’. In this case, it is the mediation which converts the chaos into order. The world-view of the Chukchi is reflected in these creation myths. First, animals are anthropomorphized. Second, all things are considered animated. Third, they worship ‘va′irgit’, the supernational being beneficial for nature. Fourth, spirits of the directions reside in each four directions, among which east, west, and south are favorable directions while north is a harmful direction for humans. Fifth, the universe is symmetrically comprised of 3 worlds, ‘world above the sky’, ‘world above the earth’, and ‘world under the earth’. Sixth, кele is an evil spirit which steals the sun in the Chukchi creation myths.
참고문헌 (16)
- B. G. Bogoras, "The Jesup North Pacific Expedition, Vol. Ⅶ, Part Ⅱ-The Chukchee", pp.281~ (1904)
- B. G. Bogoras, "The Jesup North Pacific Expedition, Vol. Ⅶ, Part Ⅲ-The Chukchee", pp.576~578 (1904)
- B. G. Bogoras, "The Jesup North Pacific Expedition, Vol. Ⅷ, Part Ⅰ-Chukchee Mythology" (1904)
- Claude Lévi-Strauss, "Structural Analysis of Oral Tradition", pp.3~ (1971), Univ. of Pennsylvania Press
- E. M. Meletinsky, "The Poetics of Myth", pp.186~ (1998)
- M. G. Levin, "The Peoples of Siberia", pp.799~810 (1964), The Univ. of Chicago
- Uno-Holmberg, "The Mythology of All Races, Vol. Ⅳ", pp.371~373 (1964)
- А. И. Крушанова, "История и Культура Чукчей" (1987), Ленинград
- В. А. Тишков, "Народы и Религии Мира", pp.633~ (2000), Москва
- В. Г. Богораз, "Чукчи, Ч.Ⅱ-Религия", pp.40~ (1939), Ленинград
- В. Г. Богораз, "Материалы по Изучению Чукотского Языка и Фольклора" (1900), Сант-Петербург
- Г. А. Меновщиков, "Сказки и Мифы Народов Чукотки и Камч атки" (1974), Москва
- Е. М. Мелетинскиц, "Палеоазиа тскийМифологический Эпос" (1979), Москва
- И. С. Вдовин, "Природа и Человек в Рел игиозных Представлениях Народов Сибири иСевера", pp.227~ (1967), Ленинград
- И. С. Вдовин, "Памятники К ультурыНародов Сибири и Севера", pp.123~124 (1977), Ленингр ад
- Л. В. Беликов, "Чукотские Народные Сказки, Мифы и Преда ния" (1982), Магадан