朝鮮初期 社稷 親祭의례의 정비와 그 의미

Abstract

The Sajikje (社稷祭, ritual ceremony for the gods of soil and grain) was the highest level ritual ceremony during the Joseon dynasty. Nevertheless, during the 15th century, the Joseon king only directly conducted the ritual ceremony for the sajik (社稷, gods of soil and grain) on three occasions. As a result, the uiju (儀注), or manual of ritual rites, was not often revamped. The manual for Sajikje was first organized during the reign of King Taejong in early Joseon. The Sajik chinje uiju (社稷親祭儀注, Book of the Royal Ritual Ceremony for the Gods of Soil and Grain) compiled by Heo Jo was in turn reflected in the Five Rites found in the <Sejong sillok (世宗實錄, Annals of King Sejong). The Sajikdan (社稷壇, altar for the ceremonial ritual for the gods of soil and grain) found in this book was a one-story structure. However, the ceremony was never actually conducted based on this manual. Although the uiju was reorganized when separate sadan (社壇, altar for the god of soil) and jikdan (稷壇, altar for the god of grain) were built during the 14th year of King Sejong, the uiju for royal rituals was only itself modified during the 1st year of King Sejo. As part of efforts to secure, from a political standpoint, the royal authority, the royal ritual for the gods of soil and grain was implemented during the 1st year of King Sejo. At the time, the uiju was amended in order to conduct this royal ritual ceremony. The amended uiju used for the royal ritual ceremony for the gods of soil and grain held during the 1st year of King Sejo was directly related to the contents of the <Gukjo oryeui (國朝五禮儀, Five Rites of State)>, which can be regarded as the prototype for the sajikje (社稷祭, ritual ceremony for the gods of soil and grain) of the Joseon dynasty. The sajik chinje uiju (Book of the Royal Ritual Ceremony for the Gods of Soil and Grain) found in the <Gukjo oryeui> focused on expressing the royal authority during ritual ceremonies, and can be regarded as a sign that King Sejo intended to expose his royal authority through various ritual ceremonial devices such as the sajik chinje. Based on an analysis of the Sajik chinje uiju (Book of the Royal Ritual Ceremony for the Gods of Soil and Grain) established during early Joseon, and in particular on the roles of the Joseon king, this study reveals that the ritual ceremony for the gods of soil and grain was organized as part of efforts to highlight the royal authority.