혈서사송담(血書寫頌譚)과 보살의 보시 - 낙법보살담을 중심으로 -

Abstract

In the Buddha’s past life Story of seeking for Dharma (求法譚), there is a Self-Sacrifice Story of seeking for Dharma(捨身求法譚) in which his body, etc. are sacrificed, and this paper explored it focusing on Hyoulser-gubeopdam (血書求法譚). Hyoulser-gubeopdam was further divided into Blood-writting-Copying Sutras (血書寫經) and Hyoulser-sasongdam (血書寫頌譚). Dharma-seeking using skin, bone, and blood as paper-pen-ink(紙筆墨) is something in common here, but Hyoulser-sasongdam is closely related to Gatha_poems (四句偈) and Buddha’s past life, unlike Blood-writting-Manuscripts which targets MahayanaBodhisattva and Mahayanasutras. A representative Hyoulser-sasongdam, Nakbeopbosaldam of “Mahāprajñāpāramitaśāstra”(『大智度論』) was cited in several sutras as the name of the dharma-seeker was changed later on, but especially in “Bulseolhwasugyeong”(『佛說華手經』) the body was decided to be consecrated to the hungry Raksasa, and Seolsandongjadam(雪山童子譚) that heard Gatha_poems and the contents would appear mixed. In the meanwhile, Self-Sacrifice-seeking for Dharma(捨身求法) and Hyoulser-sasongdam, etc. are also very close to Dāna (布施). However, since they do not belong to the general classification of Dāna such as Jaeshi (財施), Beopshi (法施), and Mu Weishi (無畏施), we examined the Dāna of Bodhisatva. Dāna of Bodhisattva appearing in sutras are divided into two types, which is according to the classification of Dāna and the classification of Bodhisatva. As for the classification according to the called names of Dāna, there are three types of Dāna such as Naeshi (內施), Weishi (外施), and Daeshi (大施) as in the “Jātaka Sutra”(『生經』), etc., but it is classified into 10 kinds in the “Avataṃsaka Sūtra”(『華嚴經』). However, because the contents of Dāna according to the called names are not constant, the Hyoulserdam(血書譚) in the Nakbeopbosaldam would be also classified as Naeshi or Weishi depending on the sutra. According to Bodhisattva's classification, Nakbeopbosaldam is the Dāna-pati(布施行) of Autpattika-dharma-ksānti Bodhisattva.(無生法忍菩薩)