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임진왜란에 대한 태국의 실용 외교와 중국의 이이제이(以夷制夷) 외교

The 1592 Japanese Invasion of Korea and Diplomacies of China and Thailand

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Abstract

The Thai kingdom of the Ayutthaya dynasty (1351-1767) disclosed its intention to participate in the war to the Chinese court during the Japanese invasion of Korea in 1592. The Joseon government heard of it though its Chinese counterpart. The Ming court stressed to the Joseon government the Chinese efforts to rescue Joseon by mobilizing Thai and Ryukyu troops. In Korean annals Seonjo sillok(Veritable Records of the Reign of Seonjo) and Seonjo sujeong sillok(Revised Veritable Records of the Reign of Seonjo) in the Joseon wangjo sillok(Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty), there are many references to the dispatch of Thai troops during the Japanese invasion of Korea in 1592. If one considers the political situation of Thailand in 1592, when it found itself being threatened by the Burmese, while it was preparing for an expedition against Cambodia, which had plundered its eastern provinces when it had been weakened by the Burmese attacks, the Ayutthaya government was not in a position to offer a military aid to China. Thailand nevertheless made such an unrealistic proposal to the Chinese government, on the one hand, because it was paying great attention to the situation in East Asia out of its interests in the trade with China or in the China Seas trade. The Thai proposal of the participation in the East Asian war in 1592 can be explained, on the other hand, in the context of the Thai diplomatic tradition which has been partly practical, partly opportunistic in character. Finally, the Chinese court’s message to the Joseon court that it ordered Thailand and Ryukyu to mobilize troops to rescue Joseon from the invading Japanese army, can be understood to be based upon the traditional Chinese foreign diplomacy of controlling the barbarian through the barbarian, yiyizhiyi.

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