음식물류폐기물 혼합 가축분 펠렛 퇴비가 토양 화학성 및 배추(Brassica rapa L.) 수량에 미치는 영향
Contribution of Feed Waste-mixed Livestock Manure Pellet Compost to Soil Chemical Properties and Kimchi Cabbage (Brassica rapa L.) Yield
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초록
음식물류폐기물의 퇴비화는 경제적인 자원화 방법이지만, 염분함량이 높아 토양에 투입될 경우 염류집적으로 인한 작물 생육 피해가 우려된다. 바이오차는 양이온교환능력이 높은 물질로 염분피해가 우려되는 토양에 적용 시 Na 이온을 흡착하여 작물생육 피해를 줄여줄 것으로 생각된다. 이에 본 연구는 바이오차와 혼합하여 제조한 음식물류폐기물 혼합 펠렛 퇴비(이하, 음폐혼합펠렛퇴비) 사용 시 배추 생육과 토양에 미치는 영향을 평가하고 이에 따른 무기질비료 절감 효과를 알아보고자 하였다. 처리구는 무비구(NF), 무기질비료 반량(NPK0.5), 무기질비료(NPK), 무기질비료+ 음폐퇴비(FWC), 무기질비료+음폐혼합펠렛퇴비(FWCB)이다. 배추 생육조사 결과, FWCB처리구에서 엽장, 엽폭, 구고 및 구폭 모두 가장 높았다. 수량조사 결과 8,300 kg 10a 로 가장 높게 나타났으며, NPK처리구에 비해 무기질비료를 50% 사용하였으나 수량은 13.6% 높게 나타났다. 토양화학+-1성 결과 FWCB에서 EC는 0.59 ds m-1, 교환성 Na은 0.35 cmol kg 으로 다른처리구보다 높게 나타났으나 적정범위 이내였다. 본 연구결과,c-1음폐혼합펠릿퇴비의 사용은 작물의 양분 및 유기물공급 뿐만 아니라 바이오차로 인한 양이온 고정 효과로 작물 생산성을 향상시키는 것으로 생각되며, 비료성분의 공급원으로써 배추의 생육 및 생산성을 증진할 수 있는 기술로 활용이 가능할 것으로 판단된다.
Abstract
Composting food waste is economical for resource recovery, but its high salt content can harm crop growth by increasing soil salinity. Adding biochar, with its high cation exchange capacity, can help mitigate this damage by adsorbing Na ions in saline soils. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the effect of using food waste-mixed pellet compost, produced in combination with biochar, on Kimchi Cabbage (Brassica rapa L.) growth and soil properties, as well as to investigate the potential for reducing inorganic fertilizer usage. The treatment groups in this study included a control group with no fertilizer (NF), a group with half the amount of inorganic fertilizer (NPK0.5), a full inorganic fertilizer group (NPK), a group with inorganic fertilizer and food waste compost (FWC), and a group with inorganic fertilizer and food waste with biochar pellet compost (FWCB). The results indicated that the growth of Kimchi cabbage, as measured by leaf length, leaf width, head height, and head width, was highest in the FWCB treatment. The yield for the FWCB treatment was 8,342 kg per 10a, the highest among all treatments, and was 13.6% higher than the NPK treatment despite using only half the amount of inorganic fertilizer. Analysis of soil chemical properties revealed that the electrical conductivity (EC) in the FWCB treatmentwas 0.59 dS m and the exchangeable Na was 0.35 cmol kg-1c -1. These values were higher than those in other treatments but remainedwithin the optimal range. The results of this study confirm that using food waste with biochar pellet compost not only provides essential nutrients and organic matter to crops but also enhances crop productivity due to the cation retention effect of biochar. This approach can be utilized as a fertilizer strategy to improve the growth and productivity of kimchi cabbage while reducing the use of inorganic fertilizers
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