베트남의 헌법상 권력구조의 특징과 정부형태개관

Abstract

Vietnam based on Doi Moi policy has achieved remarkable economic growth and continues rapid economic growth so far through early reforms and open-door policies unlike any other communist and socialism countries. The main factors that achieved rapid economic growth of Vietnam are political and social stabilities led by government, based on rich human and natural resources. Due to Vietnam's economic growth,relationship between Korea and Vietnam has been changed compared to the one from Vietnam War. However, unlike economic trade, political and legal researches on Vietnam are in it's embryonic stage. The Vietnam constitutional law prescribes that the national assembly is highest representative body of the people and the nation's top authority of The Socialist Republic of Vietnam. However in reality, from the communist's centralism, the party general-secretary exercises rein according to the pyramid structure. The Communist party actually leads and forms the national assembly so it has been Vietnam's national authority and the ideological foundation of the people. In other words,power structure is formed by the Communists in Vietnam. Therefore the Vietnam's legislative branch, judicial branch and executive branch are formal government power that has to follow the policy of the Vietnam communist party. Because of the distinct characteristics of the Vietnam's power structure, Korea's enterprises and individuals have had difficulties or troubles with complicated administrative procedures, inefficient bureaucracy and changes of policy. Also some cases occurred and suffered damages due to the lack of regulations to settle disputes and the lack of professional knowledge of government department in charge. Therefore, by understanding characteristics of Vietnam's power structure and the form of government, Vietnam's political and legal culture growing day by day should be recognized correctly so that we could correct new vision of Vietnam and make future-oriented trade with Vietnam.