리왕조 科擧制度 一考察
A Study of the Highest-level State Examination of Lee Dynasty in Vietnam
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Vietnam, prior to the enforcement of Kwakuh examination system of service, had long been colony of China and familiar with Chinese culture through the system of tribute and installation. Because of this, Vietnamese state examination system was very similar to that of Chinese in terms of the type, qualifications for application, procedure, subjects, examiner and the entry of successful candidate to civil service. Civil service examination system of Lee dynasty has a few characteristics. First, with the allegiance of civil servants selected by the examination it was able to contribute to strengthen the royal power. Second, the civil service examination system of Lee dynasty has made scholars to devote themselves to study. This has become a catalyst for educational zeal of Vietnamese people, resulted in educational development as well as the social hierarchy system of scholars, farmers, artisans and tradesmen. Third, the state examination system, by providing a forum through which the civil service took the lead in politics, contributed for the consolidation of administration by civilians. Fourth, considering the fact that Vietnam has had been a society of caste system and at the same time preparing for the examination candidates inevitably needed economic support from family members, the state examination system of Lee dynasty could not overcome the traditional Vietnamese caste system of the past.
Abstract
Vietnam, prior to the enforcement of Kwakuh examination system of service, had long been colony of China and familiar with Chinese culture through the system of tribute and installation. Because of this, Vietnamese state examination system was very similar to that of Chinese in terms of the type, qualifications for application, procedure, subjects, examiner and the entry of successful candidate to civil service. Civil service examination system of Lee dynasty has a few characteristics. First, with the allegiance of civil servants selected by the examination it was able to contribute to strengthen the royal power. Second, the civil service examination system of Lee dynasty has made scholars to devote themselves to study. This has become a catalyst for educational zeal of Vietnamese people, resulted in educational development as well as the social hierarchy system of scholars, farmers, artisans and tradesmen. Third, the state examination system, by providing a forum through which the civil service took the lead in politics, contributed for the consolidation of administration by civilians. Fourth, considering the fact that Vietnam has had been a society of caste system and at the same time preparing for the examination candidates inevitably needed economic support from family members, the state examination system of Lee dynasty could not overcome the traditional Vietnamese caste system of the past.
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