추모 박물관 그리고 현대소비사회: “가장 악의적”인 공간 속 “붕괴”에 관하여
Memorial Museum and Consumer Society: Regarding “Implosion” in the “Most Diabolical” Space
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이 논문은 추모 박물관을 현대소비사회 안에서 고찰한다. 기존의 박물관 연구와는 달리, 본 연구는 박물관이 속한 사회를 토론에 포용함으로써 보다 포괄적인 시각으로 박물관에 대해 논한다. 논의는 크게 세 가지로 이루어진다. 쟝 보드리야르의 이미지에 대한 이론을 통해 첫째, 추모 박물관 전시가 사실과 구분이 불가능해지는 현상이 어째서 “가장 악의적”일 수 있는지 둘째, 추모 박물관 전시 속 이미지가 어떻게 박물관의 메시지를 “완전히 무관심하게” 만드는지 셋째, 보드리야르의현대소비사회에 관한 이론을 바탕으로 추모 박물관이 소비가 만연한 현대사회에서 어떻게 즐겁게 소비되는지 탐색한다. 따라서 본 논문은 지금까지 간과되어왔던현대소비사회를 추모 박물관과 연결하여 분석함으로써 박물관을 이해하는 새로운관점을 제안한다. 연구의 논의는 대표적인 추모 박물관으로 손꼽히는 미국 워싱턴디시의 홀로코스트 박물관과 칠레의 수도 산티아고에 있는 칠레 인권박물관을 통해 진행된다.
Abstract
This research investigates memorial museums in the context of consumer society. Unlike the existing studies, which focus mainly on the exhibition, this research differentiates itself from the current studies by inviting society to its examination. Based on Jean Baudrillard’s critical views on image and consumer society, this study tackles memorial museums in a new light largely in three aspects. First, this study inspects why the phenomenon of “indistinguishability” can be “most diabolical.” Second, this research examines how the image in memorial museum’s exhibition replaces the past with “artificial memory” by causing visitors to become “totally indifferent” to the message the museum is trying to convey. Third, based on Baudrillard’s theory on the consumer society, this research locates memorial museums in consumer society to explore how museums are consumed happily by visitors, who enter the museum from where consumption is prevalent. Thus, this research proposes a new perspective for understanding museums by connecting the museums to consumer society, which is an aspect that has been overlooked so far in the discussion of memorial museums. For the discussion, cases of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum in Washington, D.C. and Museum of Memory and Human Rights in Santiago, Chile will be introduced.
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