日本的 社會의 確立과 村落社會

Abstract

Postwar Japanese society is characterized by high economic growth and movements in search of Japanese styles or Japanesqueness. Here, Japanesqueness assumes that Japanese society is a society that has achieved modernization and industrialization on an equal footing with the Western society. In the theory of Japanese society based on the assumption, ie (family) and mura (village society), which is the ground for ie's activities, occupy an important position. Although ie itself has been disintegrated in contemporary Japanese society, the existential pattern of 'ie' group is reappearing in various groups beyond family in contemporary Japanese society. It is because 'ie' is the direct embodiment of Japanese culture. In the establishment of Japanesque society, the importance of mura lies in the fact that modern Japanese villages were administrative units for the ruling of Daimyou (大名) and 'ie' composing a mura could not to exist apart from the mura because if it broke away from its mura, which was the ground of its life, it was also excluded from the family. Thus, mura played the role not only as farmers' living community but also as their economic and sentimental community. It is also because there was mura group based on ie group that the entire Japanese society is called mura society or ie society. Noticing the point, the present study made historical and cultural comparison of mura, which was formed as Japanese?style society in order to rule farmers under the Bakuhan system in the Edo era, with Korean villages.