墨子思想에 나타난 합리적 이익 추구와 배려의 양립 가능성

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to be compatible altruistic behavior and self-interest on the Mozi. In general, the former and the latter have been distinguished as moral and immoral. However he combined altruistic behavior with self-interest. Mozi suggested to reconcile the self-interest and care(愛). First, he broke up the concept of confrontation: Li(利) and Yi(義). Specially, Mozi tried to exclude selfish-desire and selfishness. Second, he suggested reasonable self-interest. Third, reasonable self-interest and love are no longer distinct on Mozi. He emphasized Ruo(若) to realize Jianai(兼愛), just like “See other people’s states as one’s own state”. Since Jianai(兼愛) includes inclusive love, it is effective to exclude selfishness. In Mohism, Jianai(兼愛) had always been argued in balance with Jiaoxiangli (交相利). However, if Jianai(兼愛) and Jiaoxiangli(交相利) are recognised equal, each theoretical feature may be overlooked. In meaning between Jian(兼) and Jiao(交) should be clearly recognized and distinguished. The former was proposed to emphasize the meaning of love or care, the latter implied the rationality of self-interest. In this respect, Mozi’s Jianai(兼愛) and Jiaoxiangli(交相利) is the theoretical premise of compatibility: self-interest and love.