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기성언론보다 소셜미디어 뉴스를 선호하면서 식견 있는 시민이 될 수 있는가?: 기성언론회피형 뉴스소비에 대한 탐색

Can Citizens Avoid the Legacy News Media and Still be Informed?

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주제분류신문방송학

초록

최근 기성언론에 대한 신뢰 하락을 둘러싸고 우려가 높지만 이 같은 변화가 민주주의 구성원으로서 시민들의 삶에 어떤 영향을 미칠지에 대해 실증적으로 살펴본 시도는 많지 않았다. 본 연구는 기성언론에 대한 불신이 시민들의 정치지식 수준에 어떤 영향을 미칠지 살펴봄으로써 식견있는 시민(informed citizen) 양성이라는 언론의 전통적인 규범 수행에 어떤 변화가 있을지 알아보고자 했다. 연구자들은 기성언론에 대한 신뢰 하락에 따라 시민들이 기성언론은 선호하지 않는 동시에 대안적 뉴스채널에 의존하는 뉴스 이용방식을 기성언론회피형 뉴스소비성향이라고 개념화하고 이 성향이 언론 신뢰 하락과 정치지식 간의 관계를 설명하는 핵심적 요인이라고 이해했다. 구체적으로 연구자들은 1) 기성언론에 대한 불신이 기성언론회피형 소셜미디어 뉴스소비와 어떤 관계가 있는지, 2) 기성언론회피형 소셜미디어 뉴스소비성향은 기성언론 불신과 정치지식의 관계를 어떻게 매개하는지 살펴봤다. 연구 결과 기성언론에 대한 불신이 높은 시민들은 기성언론회피형 소셜미디어 뉴스소비성향이 높았다. 기성언론은 회피하고 소셜미디어에 의존해 정보를 습득하는 시민들은 특별히 객관적 정치지식 수준이 높지 않았지만 스스로 정치에 대해 잘 알고 있다고 여기는 정도를 의미하는 주관적 정치지식 수준이 높았다. 기성언론회피형 소셜미디어 뉴스소비성향은 정치지식과신 정도와 정적인 관계에 있었고 기성언론에 대한 불신과 주관적 정치지식 및 정치지식과신의 관계를 정적으로 매개했다.

Abstract

Researchers seek to explore what changes would be made to the news media’s traditional norm of cultivating informed citizen by analyzing how distrust in the legacy news media would be associated with the level of political knowledge among citizens. Researchers identified legacy media-avoidant news consumption as a key factor that could explain the relationship between the decline in trust in news media and political knowledge. Specifically, the researchers examined 1) how distrust in legacy media is associated with legacy media-avoidant news consumption, and 2) how legacy media-avoidant news consumption mediates the relationship between distrust in legacy news media and political knowledge. Findings show that citizens with a high level of distrust in the legacy media are more likely to consume news from alternative sources. While citizens who avoid legacy media and rely on social media did not demonstrate a particularly high level of objective political knowledge, they did demonstrate a high level of subjective political knowledge and overconfidence in political knowledge. The tendency to avoid legacy news media when consuming news positively mediates the relationship between distrust in legacy news media and subjective political knowledge as well as overconfidence in political knowledge.

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